Difference between revisions of "Variable:Exposure-response functions for tooth defects caused by TCDD (children)"

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<accesscontrol>seturi_group</accesscontrol>Study-specific E-R functions | Species-specific E-R functions | E-R function for children | General E-R function

Scope

Exposure-response functions for tooth defects caused by TCDD (children) describes species-specific exposure-response functions for either enamel defects in molars or missing or smaller molars.

  • Endpoint of interest: Such defects of crown dentin and enamel of a molar tooth that occur during the development of the tooth and are observable as malformed tooth in the adult.
  • Dose pattern of interest: The target organ concentration of TCDD stays constant during the critical time window of tooth development, which occurs in early life.
  • Target group of interest:
    • Humans: a random individual from a Western society. In practice, a child, because the exposure has to occur during infancy and early childhood.

Definition

Data

Add here data about what we know about these biases.

Causality

List of parents:

Unit

(ng/kg in fat)-1

Formula

Measurement error models (MEM) and analogy extrapolation models (AEM) are used to derive estimates from the data. Measurement error models are used in situations where the actual item of interest is observed, but the measurement is imperfect. Analogy extrapolation models are used where the actual item of interest is not observed, but instead something similar to the item is used to make inferences about the item.

Pharmacokinetic AEM
Pharmacokinetics is a summary term describing all processes and influences between an exposure and the resulting target organ dose. There may be differences in pharmacokinetics between e.g. different exposure routes, species, or phenotypes. This AEM describes the corrections needed because of pharmacokinetic differences between the study situation and the target situation. Dose scaling from animals to humans is a typical example.
Pharmacodynamic AEM
Pharmacodynamics is a summary term describing all processes and influences between a dose pattern and the outcome of interest. There may be differences in pharmacodynamics due to e.g. polymorphisms, metabolic rates. This AEM describes the corrections needed because of pharmacodynamic differences between the study situation and the target situation.
Sensitivity AEM
Sensitivity describes individual differences in the exposure-response function in the target population. This AEM describes the corrections needed because of deviations of the study population from the target population.
Time AEM
If the species in a study is not human, there are differences in the lifespan, latencies of the outcome to occur, and other time-dependent things. This AEM describes the corrections needed because of the different time scales in the study population and the target population.
Plausibility
Plausibility is the probability that the observed exposure-response function is actually a reflection of a true causal connection between the exposure and outcome of interest. The probability should capture such information that is not used and embedded in the previous steps of the chain of reasoning.

Result

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