Difference between revisions of "Burden of disease"

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(Global Burden of Disease Study 2010)
(Calculations)
 
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{{variable|moderator=Heta}}
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{{method|moderator=Heta}}
{{progression class|progression=Draft}}
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{{progression class|progression=Draft|curator=THL|date=2016-04-10}}
  
 
== Question ==
 
== Question ==
  
What is the disease burden of the major risk factors globally?
+
How to estimate the disease burden of important risk factors?
  
 
== Answer ==
 
== Answer ==
  
 +
{{attack|# |THIS PAGE SHOULD CONTAIN AN OVERVIEW ON HOW TO PERFORM DISEASE BURDEN STUDIES.|--[[User:Jouni|Jouni]] ([[User talk:Jouni|talk]]) 16:16, 10 April 2016 (UTC)}}
  
 
== Rationale ==
 
== Rationale ==
Line 24: Line 25:
 
* go to each Item of the risk factor and add property disease burden to that item. Include qualifiers Global, Both sexes, Year 2013, all ages, all causes. (Find out what properties are available)
 
* go to each Item of the risk factor and add property disease burden to that item. Include qualifiers Global, Both sexes, Year 2013, all ages, all causes. (Find out what properties are available)
 
* Make references to the link above, the IHME institute, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4156511/ this article], and secondarily to this Opasnet page. Remember to put date of entry.
 
* Make references to the link above, the IHME institute, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4156511/ this article], and secondarily to this Opasnet page. Remember to put date of entry.
 +
 +
{{hidden|
 
* These are the risk factors of the GBD2010 study. Before you start the work, add the name of Wikidata item to the rows, so that we know what should be done. Also find a link to the right Wikipedia page.
 
* These are the risk factors of the GBD2010 study. Before you start the work, add the name of Wikidata item to the rows, so that we know what should be done. Also find a link to the right Wikipedia page.
 
** Unsafe water [[:en:Waterborne diseases]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006636 waterborne disease (Q2006636)], [[:en:Drinking water]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7892 drinking water (Q7892)]), sanitation ([[:en:Sanitation]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949149 sanitation (Q949149)]), and handwashing ([[:en:Hand washing]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552461 Hand washing (Q552461)])
 
** Unsafe water [[:en:Waterborne diseases]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006636 waterborne disease (Q2006636)], [[:en:Drinking water]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7892 drinking water (Q7892)]), sanitation ([[:en:Sanitation]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949149 sanitation (Q949149)]), and handwashing ([[:en:Hand washing]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552461 Hand washing (Q552461)])
Line 49: Line 52:
 
* Disease burden property is added to the disease pages as soon as it gets accepted on [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Property_proposal/Natural_science#incidence this page].
 
* Disease burden property is added to the disease pages as soon as it gets accepted on [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Property_proposal/Natural_science#incidence this page].
  
** Ischemic heart disease, [[:en:Coronary artery disease]], wikidata: coronary artery disease (Q844935)  
+
** Ischemic heart disease, [[:en:Coronary artery disease]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935 coronary artery disease (Q844935)]
** Lower respiratory infections, [[:en:Lower respiratory tract infection]], wikidata: lower respiratory tract infection (Q3631290)  
+
** Lower respiratory infections, [[:en:Lower respiratory tract infection]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3631290] lower respiratory tract infection (Q3631290)
** Diarrheal diseases, [[:en:Diarrhea]], wikidata: diarrhea (Q40878)
+
** Diarrheal diseases, [[:en:Diarrhea]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878 diarrhea (Q40878)]
** Low back pain, [[:en:Low back pain]], wikidata: lower back pain (Q852163)  
+
** Low back pain, [[:en:Low back pain]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163 lower back pain (Q852163)]
** Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, [[:en:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], wikidata: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Q199804)  
+
** Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, [[:en:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Q199804)]
** Preterm birth complications, [[:en:Preterm birth]], wikidata: premature birth (Q625506)  
+
** Preterm birth complications, [[:en:Preterm birth]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625506 premature birth (Q625506)]
** Malaria, [[:en:Malaria]], wikidata: malaria (Q12156)
+
** Malaria, [[:en:Malaria]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156 malaria (Q12156)]
** Hemorrhagic stroke, [[:en:Stroke]], wikidata: stroke (Q12202)  
+
** Hemorrhagic stroke, [[:en:Stroke]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202 stroke (Q12202)]
** HIV/AIDS resulting in other diseases, [[:en:HIV/AIDS]], wikidata: AIDS (Q12199)
+
** HIV/AIDS resulting in other diseases, [[:en:HIV/AIDS]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12199 AIDS (Q12199)]
** Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma, [[:en:Neonatal encephalopathy]], wikidata: encephalopathy (Q576349)  
+
** Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma, [[:en:Neonatal encephalopathy]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576349 encephalopathy (Q576349)]
** Diabetes mellitus, [[:en:Diabetes mellitus]], wikidata: diabetes mellitus (Q12206)  
+
** Diabetes mellitus, [[:en:Diabetes mellitus]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206 diabetes mellitus (Q12206)]
** Major depressive disorder, [[:en:Major depressive disorcer]], wikidata: major depressive disorder (Q42844)  
+
** Major depressive disorder, [[:en:Major depressive disorcer]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42844 major depressive disorder (Q42844)]
** Tuberculosis, [[:en:Tuberculosis]], wikidata: tuberculosis (Q12204)
+
** Tuberculosis, [[:en:Tuberculosis]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204 tuberculosis (Q12204)]
** Ischemic stroke, [[:en:Stroke]], wikidata: stroke (Q12202)
+
** Ischemic stroke, [[:en:Stroke]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202 stroke (Q12202)]
** Iron-deficiency anemia, [[:en:Iron-deficiency anemia]], wikidata: iron deficiency anemia (Q954674)
+
** Iron-deficiency anemia, [[:en:Iron-deficiency anemia]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954674 iron deficiency anemia (Q954674)]
** Self-harm, [[:en:Self-harm]], wikidata: self-injury (Q622527)
+
** Self-harm, [[:en:Self-harm]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622527 self-injury (Q622527)]
** Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer, [[:en:Lung cancer]], wikidata: lung cancer (Q47912)  
+
** Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer, [[:en:Lung cancer]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47912 lung cancer (Q47912)]
** Neck pain, [[:en:Neck pain]], wikidata: neck pain (Q3567802)  
+
** Neck pain, [[:en:Neck pain]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3567802 neck pain (Q3567802)]
 
** Other hearing loss, [[:en:Hearing loss]], wikidata: no "hearing loss" page, but multiple kinds of hearing loss. I don't know what "other" refers to.
 
** Other hearing loss, [[:en:Hearing loss]], wikidata: no "hearing loss" page, but multiple kinds of hearing loss. I don't know what "other" refers to.
** Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections, [[:en:Neonatal infection]], wikidata: Neonatal infection (Q22084957)
+
** Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections, [[:en:Neonatal infection]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22084957 Neonatal infection (Q22084957)]
** Migraine, [[:en:Migraine]], wikidata: migraine (Q133823)
+
** Migraine, [[:en:Migraine]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133823 migraine (Q133823)]
** Protein-energy malnutrition, [[:en:Protein-energy malnutrition]], wikidata: Protein–energy malnutrition (Q4082071)  
+
** Protein-energy malnutrition, [[:en:Protein-energy malnutrition]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4082071 Protein–energy malnutrition (Q4082071)]
** Motor vehicle road injuries, [[:en:Traffic collision]], wikidata: traffic accident (Q9687)
+
** Motor vehicle road injuries, [[:en:Traffic collision]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9687 traffic accident (Q9687)]
** Falls, [[:en:Falling (accident)]], wikidata: falling (Q333495)
+
** Falls, [[:en:Falling (accident)]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333495 falling (Q333495)]
** Congenital heart anomalies, [[:en:Congenital heart defect]], wikidata: Congenital heart defect (Q939364)
+
** Congenital heart anomalies, [[:en:Congenital heart defect]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q939364 Congenital heart defect (Q939364)]
** Other neonatal disorders, [[:en:Infant]], wikidata: baby (Q998)
+
** Other neonatal disorders, [[:en:Infant]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q998 baby (Q998)]
** Pedestrian road injuries, [[:en:Road traffic safety]]? [[:en:Pedestrian]]?, wikidata: road traffic safety (Q1147899), pedestrian (Q221488)
+
** Pedestrian road injuries, [[:en:Road traffic safety]]? [[:en:Pedestrian]]?, wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147899 road traffic safety (Q1147899)], [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488 pedestrian (Q221488)]
** Other musculoskeletal disorders, [[:en:Musculoskeletal disorder]], wikidata: musculoskeletal disorder (Q4116663)  
+
** Other musculoskeletal disorders, [[:en:Musculoskeletal disorder]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116663 musculoskeletal disorder (Q4116663)]
** Anxiety disorders, [[:en:Anxiety disorder]], wikidata: anxiety disorder (Q544006)  
+
** Anxiety disorders, [[:en:Anxiety disorder]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544006 anxiety disorder (Q544006)]
** Alzheimer disease and other dementias, [[:en:Alzheimer's disease]], [[:en:Dementia]], wikidata: Alzheimer's disease (Q11081), dementia (Q83030)
+
** Alzheimer disease and other dementias, [[:en:Alzheimer's disease]], [[:en:Dementia]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081 Alzheimer's disease (Q11081)], [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030 dementia (Q83030)]
  
  
Line 93: Line 96:
  
 
Politically interesting causes of death and disease
 
Politically interesting causes of death and disease
*Interpersonal violence
+
*Interpersonal violence, [[:en:Violence]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124490 violence (Q124490)]
*Schizophrenia
+
*Schizophrenia, [[:en:Schizophrenia]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41112 schizophrenia (Q41112)]
*Sexually transmitted diseases excluding HIV
+
*Sexually transmitted diseases excluding HIV, [[:en:Sexually transmitted infection]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12198 sexually transmitted disease (Q12198)]
*Alcohol use disorders
+
*Alcohol use disorders, [[:en:Alcohol abuse]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331102 alcohol abuse (Q7331102)]
*Cirrhosis due to alcohol use
+
*Cirrhosis due to alcohol use, [[:en:Cirrhosis]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147778 cirrhosis (Q147778)]
*Other transport injuries
+
*Other transport injuries, Traffic collisions, already in the list above? Also [[:en:Aviation accidents and incidents]]? wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744913 aviation accident (Q744913)]
*Collective violence and legal intervention
+
*Collective violence and legal intervention, [[:en:Violence#Collective violence]], wikidata: (already in the list above) [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124490 violence (Q124490)], [[:en:Justifiable homicide]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6317275 justifiable homicide (Q6317275)]
*Other neglected tropical diseases
+
*Other neglected tropical diseases, [[:en:Tropical disease]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345671 tropical disease (Q1345671)]
*Exposure to forces of nature, disaster
+
*Exposure to forces of nature, disaster, [[:en:Disaster]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3839081 disaster (Q3839081)], [[:en:Natural hazard]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3567666 Natural hazard (Q3567666)]
  
 
Important due to public health relevance
 
Important due to public health relevance
Ischemic heart disease
+
*Ischemic heart disease
Lower respiratory infections
+
*Lower respiratory infections
Cerebrovascular disease
+
*Cerebrovascular disease, [[:en:Cerebrovascular disease]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3360664 cerebrovascular disease (Q3360664)]
Low back and neck pain
+
*Low back and neck pain
Road injuries
+
*Road injuries
Diarrheal diseases
+
*Diarrheal diseases
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
+
*Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Preterm birth complications
+
*Preterm birth complications
HIV/AIDS
+
*HIV/AIDS
Malaria
+
*Malaria
Depressive disorders
+
*Depressive disorders
Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma
+
*Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma
Congenital anomalies
+
*Congenital anomalies (Congenital heart anomalies?)
Diabetes mellitus
+
*Diabetes mellitus
Sense organ diseases
+
*Sense organ diseases [[:en:Sensory system#Diseases]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18553219 sensory system disease (Q18553219)]? [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11101 Sensory system (Q11101)]
Tuberculosis
+
*Tuberculosis
Iron-deficiency anemia
+
*Iron-deficiency anemia
Skin and subcutaneous diseases
+
*Skin and subcutaneous diseases, [[:en:Cutaneous condition]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949302 cutaneous disease (Q949302)]
Self-harm
+
*Self-harm
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer
+
*Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer
Chronic kidney disease
+
*Chronic kidney disease, [[:en:Chronic kidney disease]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736715 chronic kidney disease (Q736715)]
Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections
+
*Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections
Migraine
+
*Migraine
Protein-energy malnutrition
+
*Protein-energy malnutrition
Falls
+
*Falls
Other neonatal disorders
+
*Other neonatal disorders
Other musculoskeletal disorders
+
*Other musculoskeletal disorders
Anxiety disorders
+
*Anxiety disorders
Hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias
+
*Hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias, [[:en:Hemoglobinopathy]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642147 Hemoglobinopathy (Q1642147)], [[:en:Hemolytic anemia]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145668 hemolytic anemia (Q1145668)]
Alzheimer disease and other dementias
+
*Alzheimer disease and other dementias
Asthma
+
*Asthma [[:en:Asthma]], wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869 asthma (Q35869)]
 +
{{comment|# |The rest were already in the list above, so there's no point digging out the links twice|--[[User:Heta|Heta]] ([[User talk:Heta|talk]]) 10:50, 4 February 2016 (UTC)}}
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
=== Calculations ===
 +
 
 +
These ovariables are used to calculate burden of disease based either on relative or absolute risks, and counted as [[DALY]]s. For ovariables that calculate numbers of cases, see [[Health impact assessment]].
 +
 
 +
Burden of disease estimate for responses that can be calculated based on population attributable fraction (PAF).
 +
 
 +
<rcode name="BoDpaf" label="Initiate BoDpaf (for developers only)" embed=1>
 +
# This is code Op_en7422/BoDpaf on page [[Burden of disease]]
 +
library(OpasnetUtils)
 +
 
 +
BoDpaf <- Ovariable(
 +
  "BoDpaf", # This calculates the burden of disease for endpoints using PAF.
 +
  dependencies = data.frame(
 +
    Name = c(
 +
#      "population", # No population; BoDt must be the total BoD in the target population
 +
      "BoDt", # Total burden of disease of the studied responses per a defined time interval
 +
      "RR", # Relative risks for the given exposure
 +
      "sumExposcen" # function that calculates difference between exposure scenarios
 +
    ),
 +
    Ident = c(
 +
#      "Op_en2261/population", # [[Health impact assessment]]
 +
      "Op_en5917/BoDt",      # [[Disease risk]]
 +
      "Op_en2261/RR",        # [[Health impact assessment]]
 +
      "Op_en2261/sumExposcen" # [[Health impact assessment]]
 +
    )
 +
  ),
 +
  formula = function(...) {
 +
    AF <- (RR > 1) * (1 - 1/RR) + (RR <= 1) * (RR - 1) # See [[HIA]] for explanation
 +
    out <- BoDt * AF
 +
 
 +
    return(sumExposcen(out))
 +
   
 +
  }
 +
)
 +
 
 +
objects.store(BoDpaf)
 +
cat("Ovariable BoDpaf stored.\n")
 +
</rcode>
 +
 
 +
BoDcase calculates burden of disease based on numbers of cases, durations of diseases, and disability weights.
 +
 
 +
<rcode name="BoDcase" label="Initiate BoDcase (for developers only)" embed=1>
 +
# This is code Op_en7422/BoDcase on page [[Burden of disease]]
 +
library(OpasnetUtils)
 +
 
 +
BoDcase <- Ovariable(
 +
  "BoDcase", # This calculates the burden of disease for endpoints using numbers of cases.
 +
  dependencies = data.frame(
 +
    Name = c(
 +
      "casesrr", # Number of cases from relative endpoints with RR.
 +
      "casesabs", # Number of cases from absolute ERFs.
 +
      "disabilityweight", # Disability weights for each response.
 +
      "duration" # Duration of a response case.
 +
    ),
 +
    Ident = c(
 +
      "Op_en2261/casesrr", # [[Health impact assessment]]
 +
      "Op_en2261/casesabs", # [[Health impact assessment]]
 +
      "Op_en2307/disabilityweight", # [[Disability weights]]
 +
      "Op_en2307/duration" # [[Disability weights]]
 +
    )
 +
  ),
 +
  formula = function(...) {
 +
   
 +
    out <- combine(casesrr, casesabs)
 +
    out <- out * disabilityweight * duration
 +
    return(out)
 +
   
 +
  }
 +
)
 +
 
 +
objects.store(BoDcase)
 +
cat("Ovariable BoDcase stored.\n")
 +
</rcode>
 +
 
 +
BoD calculates burden of disease as a combination of burdens of disease based on either PAF or cases. If a response estimate comes from both BoDpaf and BoDcase, one is picked by random for each unique combination, and the source of the estimate is given in a non-marginal index BurdenSource.
 +
 
 +
<rcode name="BoD" label="Initiate BoD (for developers only)" embed=1>
 +
# This is code Op_en7422/BoD on page [[Burden of disease]]
 +
library(OpasnetUtils)
 +
BoD <- Ovariable(
 +
  "BoD", # This calculates the total burden of disease.
 +
  dependencies = data.frame(
 +
    Name = c(
 +
      "BoDpaf", # Burden of disease as calculated from PAF
 +
      "BoDcase" # Burden of disease as calculated from number of cases
 +
    ),
 +
    Ident = c(
 +
      "Op_en7422/BoDpaf", # [[Burden of disease]]
 +
      "Op_en7422/BoDcase" # [[Burden of disease]]
 +
    )
 +
  ),
 +
  formula = function(...) {
 +
    # Indices that may have NA must be removed.
 +
    out <- OpasnetUtils::combine(
 +
      unkeep(BoDpaf, sources = TRUE),
 +
      unkeep(BoDcase, sources = TRUE),
 +
      name = "Burden"
 +
    )
 +
    out@output <- fillna(out@output, colnames(out@output)[out@marginal])
 +
    out@output <- merge(
 +
      out@output,
 +
      aggregate(
 +
        out@output["BurdenSource"],
 +
        by = out@output[colnames(out@output)[out@marginal]],
 +
        FUN = function(x) if("BoDpaf" %in% x) "BoDpaf" else "BoDcase" # Prefer BoDpaf when possible.
 +
      )
 +
    )
 +
    return(out)
 +
  }
 +
)
 +
 
 +
objects.store(BoD)
 +
cat("Ovariable BoD stored.\n")
 +
</rcode>
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==
 +
 +
* [http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/ IHME Institute visualization tool]
 +
* [http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates/en/index2.html WHO estimates of disease burden for 2000-2012]
 +
* [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P2854 Wikidata property: disease burden]
 +
* [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282120 Disease burden] (a method for estimating disease burden in Wikidata) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_burden related page in Wikipedia]
  
 
==Keywords==
 
==Keywords==
Line 143: Line 268:
  
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
 
==Related files==<!-- __OBI_TS:1454138654 -->
 

Latest revision as of 13:37, 8 September 2017

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Question

How to estimate the disease burden of important risk factors?

Answer

# : THIS PAGE SHOULD CONTAIN AN OVERVIEW ON HOW TO PERFORM DISEASE BURDEN STUDIES. --Jouni (talk) 16:16, 10 April 2016 (UTC)

Rationale

Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Data from the study

Instructions

  • Download the data from this page as csv
  • Change names of columns: Causes of disease or injury -> Response; Measurement -> Unit; Value -> Result. Move Result to the rightmost column.
  • Upload the csv to Opasnet Base using OpasnetBaseImport to table "GBD by risk factor" and unit "several". (This is for archiving purposes only: the latter tasks may be easier directly from the csv file.)
  • Pick only rows with Unit = DALY per 100000.
  • Sum over causes of disease so that you get one value for each risk factor.
  • Go to Wikidata and suggest that "disease burden" is taken as a new property. When the property is available,
  • go to each Item of the risk factor and add property disease burden to that item. Include qualifiers Global, Both sexes, Year 2013, all ages, all causes. (Find out what properties are available)
  • Make references to the link above, the IHME institute, this article, and secondarily to this Opasnet page. Remember to put date of entry.



Calculations

These ovariables are used to calculate burden of disease based either on relative or absolute risks, and counted as DALYs. For ovariables that calculate numbers of cases, see Health impact assessment.

Burden of disease estimate for responses that can be calculated based on population attributable fraction (PAF).

+ Show code

BoDcase calculates burden of disease based on numbers of cases, durations of diseases, and disability weights.

+ Show code

BoD calculates burden of disease as a combination of burdens of disease based on either PAF or cases. If a response estimate comes from both BoDpaf and BoDcase, one is picked by random for each unique combination, and the source of the estimate is given in a non-marginal index BurdenSource.

+ Show code

See also

Keywords

References

  1. Reference to the Lim Lancet article