Difference between revisions of "Congestion charge"

Revision as of 10:56, 16 May 2017

Question

What reasons are there for implementing or not implementing a congestion charging system in a city? What values and combinations of values result in which combination?

Boundaries

• The questions are generic, but we aim to look at the issue also specifically in Helsinki.
• We look at the current situation.

Intended use and users

• --# : Who could use this information and how? Fill in your thoughts. --Jouni (talk) 11:36, 10 April 2017 (UTC)

Participants

• Students on the course Decision analysis and risk management 2017.
• Participation happens on this page (including the related talk page) and also on Google Drive, which contains three things:
  1. Real-time online editor for the three tables for Items, Relations, and Evaluations.
  2. Real-time online editor for the causal diagram below.
  3. Real-time online chat that happens on a Google Document.

Decisions and scenarios

--# : What options do exist? Fill in your thoughts. --Jouni (talk) 11:36, 10 April 2017 (UTC)

Timing

The assessment will be performed during April-May 2017.

Answer

In order to reach the sustainable mode of transport, road charges can be used. They can smoothen the trip and transport chain, control the congestion, make the transport system conveniently accessible and enhance the competitiveness of public transport. The road charges can take part in a compact urban structure of the core area, the rail corridors and the centers of the municipality.

Road charges will cause costs but their costs are relatively low in comparison to the costs that congestions will cause in the lack of these constructions for the road users.

In order for the road charges to be effective, new legislations that give permission for them to be constructed is required to be implemented. Fixed-term experimental legislations can be an alternative for this administration.

Costs are really important in this case. Therefore the revenue of the road charge needs to be spent for the area in which the road charge is implemented. It should be considered that the funding for the area stated by the state or municipality is not influenced negatively because of the existence of the road charge.

The transport system and the urban structure have to be optimized effectively in terms of socio-economic aspects that can be somehow tackled through the costs. Pressure can be caused in the planning since the road charges cause a high financial burden for some individuals that will lead to modification in their travel habits.

Road charges enhance the city centre's’ role as service, employment and commercial hub. However, the attractiveness of the zone between the rings for commercial uses will decrease.

Minimization of negative externalities of traffic demand on road network.

• Road pricing (key economic tools)
• Profit target (pricing model)
• Improvement of traffic network system, minimum environmental impact,
• Definition of congestion is decreasing transporters natural speed.

Rationale

Dependencies

These tables are being written to Google Sheet (for easier user interface) and copied here from time to time. See Google Sheets.

Items

Relations

Evaluations

• --# : Add links to pages that belong to this assessment. --Jouni (talk) 11:36, 10 April 2017 (UTC)

library(OpasnetUtils)
library(OpasnetUtilsExt)
#library(gsheet)
library(reshape2)
library(igraph)
oprint(google.point_kml)
oprint(google.show_kml_data_on_maps)

if(FALSE){
items <- gsheet2tbl("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/10EuSt-YonlHQyNELCAftSiZ72jAsPKhw5q5MqQhbY10/edit")[1:6]
relations <- gsheet2tbl("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/10EuSt-YonlHQyNELCAftSiZ72jAsPKhw5q5MqQhbY10/edit#gid=781892235")[1:8]
evaluations <- gsheet2tbl("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/10EuSt-YonlHQyNELCAftSiZ72jAsPKhw5q5MqQhbY10/edit#gid=1821973371")[1:8]

index <- rbind(
  cbind(items[c("ID", "Name")], Table = "items"),
  cbind(relations[c("ID", "Name")], Table = "relations"),
  cbind(evaluations[c("ID", "Name")], Table = "evaluations")
)
index <- melt(
  index,
  measure.vars = c("ID", "Name"),
  variable.name = "Column",
  value.name = "Identifier"
)
index <- index[!is.na(index$Identifier),]
if(anyDuplicated(index$Identifier)) {
  cat("Warning: The following names are duplicated:\n")
  oprint(index[index$Identifier %in% index$Identifier[duplicated(index$Identifier)],])
}
#colnames(items) <- paste(colnames(items), "I", sep="_")
#colnames(relations) <- paste(colnames(relations), "R", sep="_")
colnames(evaluations)[colnames(evaluations)=="Evaluation"] <- "Predicate"
relations <- rbind(relations, evaluations)
}
objects.latest("Op_fi5642", code_name = "preprocessing")

jy2 <- jy
for(i in 1:ncol(jy2)) jy2[[i]] <- as.character(jy2[[i]])
jy2 <- jy2[1:100,]
it <- data.frame(
  Name = c(jy2$Subjekti, jy2$Objekti),
  stringsAsFactors = TRUE
)
it <- it[!duplicated(it$Name) , , drop = FALSE]

jygraph <- graph.data.frame(
  jy2[c(1,3,2,4:ncol(jy2))], 
  directed = TRUE, 
  vertices = it
)

plo <- plot.igraph(jygraph, 
     vertex.label.cex = 0.8, 
     vertex.label = NA,
     vertex.size = 2, #V(jygraph)$vsize, 
     vertex.color = "Skyblue2",#V(jygraph)$vcolor, 
     vertex.shape = "circle",#V(jygraph)$vshape,
     vertex.frame.color = "Black",
     vertex.label.family = "Helvetica",
     edge.color = "Black",#E(jygraph)$ecolor,
     edge.width = 0.5, #E(jygraph)$ewidth,
     edge.arrow.size = 0.5,
     layout = layout.fruchterman.reingold
)
l <- layout.fruchterman.reingold(jygraph)
oprint(l)
######################################

#library(maptools)
#library(RgoogleMaps)

See also

• Voting age
• Structure of shared understanding
• Osmo Soininvaara: Why we should have congestion charge. 3.4.2017 [1]
• Helsinki: Regional congestion charge would improve air quality in Helsinki. 3.5.2017 [2] [3]

Articles in Wikipedia

• Congestion pricing
• London congestion charge
• Ruuhkamaksu