ERF for short term PM10 exposure and medication usage by people with asthma

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Scope

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(system boundaries) of the variable. The scope is defined according to the use
purpose of the assessment(s) that the variable belongs to.

Exposure-response function for short-term (acute) exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter < 10 µm and medication (bronchodilator) usage by people with asthma.

Dimensions and boundaries relevant for the variable

  • Age of exposed population
  • Country/other geographic area

Definition

Data

Description of the data used for obtaining the value of the variable
(e.g. measurement data; mathematical method and its parameters).
Please include references (preferably using the <ref></ref> tags)
and links to original data, as appropriate.

WHO task group (2004) [1]

  • RR of 1.005 (95% Cl 0.981, 1.029) for bronchodilator usage by children with asthma (meeting PEACE study criteria) per 10 µg/m3 PM10
  • RR of 1.010 (95% Cl 0.990, 1.031) for bronchodilator usage by adults with asthma (well-established) per 10 µg/m3 PM10

Note! the associations are not statistically significant at the usual 5% level.

CAFE CBA (2005)[2]

  • Annual change of 180 (95% Cl -690, 1060) days in brochodilator usage per 10 µg/m3 PM10 per 1000 children aged 5-14 years with asthma (meeting PEACE study criteria)
    • Based on the RR by WHO task group (2004) and 10% background prevalence of daily bronchodilator use
  • Annual change of 912 (95% Cl -912, 2774) days in brochodilator usage per 10 µg/m3 PM10 per 1000 adults aged 20+ with well-established asthma with asthma (well-established)
    • Based on the RR by WHO task group (2004) and 50% background prevalence of daily bronchodilator use
    • 4.5% of European adult population was estimated to have well-established asthma

Causality

List of upstream variables.
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(e.g. Analytica IDs).

Unit

Unit in which the result is expressed.

Annual change in no. of days of bronchodilator usage per 10 µg/m3 increase in exposure per 1000 persons

Formula

Algebra or other explicit methods if possible
(e.g. Analytica code between the ''<anacode></anacode>'' delimiters).

Result

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Age group Days 95% Cl
5-14 180 -690, 1060
20+ 912 -912, 2774

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See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Anderson, H.R., Atkinson, R.W., Peacock, J.L., Marston, L. & Konstantinou, K. 2004. Meta-analysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and Ozone (O3) - Report of a WHO task group. World Health Organization.
  2. ↑ Service Contract for Carrying out Cost-Benefit Analysis of Air Quality Related Issues, in particular in the Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) Programme. Volume 2: Health Impact Assessment. AEA Technology Environment, 2005.
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