Thermal energy need in Helsinki Metropolitan Area
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Contents
Scope
Defines how thermal energy need will change in the future in Helsinki metropolitan area. Calculations are done by day degree method which is explained here; Heating consumption of buildings.
Definition
Data
Consumption of district heating in Helsinki metropolitan area in year 2007 [1].
. | Consumption of district heating |
DISTRICT HEATING COMPANY | GWh |
Fortum Power and Heat Oy, Espoo | 1 882,5 |
Helsingin Energia | 6 409,8 |
Vantaan Energia Oy | 1 556,6 |
Building stock of Helsinki metropolitan area [2].
Helsinki Metropolitan area Council's (YTV) report of floor area and population changes in Helsinki metropolitan area to 2025 [3]
Global warming and changes in outdoor temperature.
Causality
Unit
GWh
Formula
Qh = U * A * (Tin-Tout) * t where Qh = Heat flow from building to surroundings, U = Buildings overall heat transfer coefficient, A = Buildings total surface area (floor, walls and roof), Tin = Indoor temperature, Tout = Outdoor temperature and t = Time period of the transfer.
Thermal energy what is needed for warm tap water can be calculated as
Qw = cp,w * pw * qm,w * (Tw,warm - Tw,cold) * t where Qw = Thermal energy needed for warm tap water, pw = Water density, cp,w = Specific heat capacity for water, Tw,warm = Temperature of warm tap water and Tw,cold = Temperature of cold tap water.
Other thermal energy leaks are estimated to be negligible. A city’s need of thermal energy in a year can be then estimated to be sum of single buildings need of thermal energy. Thus a city’s total need of thermal energy can be calculated as
Qtotal = Qw + Qh where Qtotal = Year need of thermal energy in city, Qh = Heat flow from building to surroundings and Qw = Thermal energy needed for warm tap water.
Result
Total need of thermal energy | |||||
. | 2007 | 2013 | 2020 | 2025 | 2030 |
. | [GWh] | [GWh] | [GWh] | [GWh] | [GWh] |
Helsinki | 7475,857243 | 7535,83639 | 7605,812062 | 7655,794684 | 7705,777307 |
Vantaa | 2129,781022 | 2216,91573 | 2318,572889 | 2391,185146 | 2463,797402 |
Espoo | 2675,29203 | 2835,427889 | 3022,253058 | 3155,699607 | 3289,146156 |
Kauniainen | 179,0168745 | 183,554805 | 188,8490572 | 192,6306659 | 196,4122746 |
TOTAL | 12 459,95 | 12 771,73 | 13 135,49 | 13 362,92 | 13 655,13 |