Urban heat island

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Urban heat island means an increased ambient temperature in urban areas, compared with rural areas nearby. It is caused by additional heat load from energy use, reduced albedo, reduced wind speed between buildings, and reduced water evaporation by plants within cities.

Scope

What is the magnitude of the temperature gradient in Toulouse (as an example of a typical European city suffering from the urban heat island effect) compared with the rural area nearby? What are possible measures to tackle the issue, and how effective are they in reducing the temperature?

Definition

Dependencies

• Energy use in cities
• Albedo in cities
• Wind speed in cities
• Vegetation in cities
• Water evaporation by vegetation in cities
• Measures to reduce heat load in cities
  • Increased free water
  • Increased vegetation
  • Increased albedo
  • Reduced energy use
  • Heat load

Unit

K (kelvin)

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