Difference between revisions of "Assessment on impacts of emission trading on city-level (ET-CL)"

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m (HIA on city-level energy production and consumption with climate change boundaries moved to IA on carbon trade and its city-level impacts: The focus of the assessment was clearly changed, now the name reflects new idea.)
(updated based on the idea of Copenhagen COP-15 meeting)
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[[Category:Energy production]]
 
[[Category:Energy production]]
  
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'''[[Health impact assessment]] (HIA) on city-level energy production and consumption with climate change boundaries''' takes a wide perspective over environmental issues that can be dealt with on a city level. It studies many of the contemporary ideas, plans, and pieces of legislation in an integrated and systematic way. It tries to find hidden caveats, expose policies that are based on popular trends rather than science, and assess the impacts of new innovative solutions.
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'''[[Health impact assessment]] (HIA) on city-level energy production and consumption with climate change boundaries''' takes a wide perspective over environmental issues that can be dealt with on a city level. It studies many of the contemporary ideas, plans, and pieces of legislation in an integrated and systematic way. It tries to find hidden caveats, expose policies that are based on popular trends rather than science, and assess the impacts of new innovative solutions. [[:Image:CarbonTrade city-level.ANA|The model file can be accessed here.]]
  
 
==Scope==
 
==Scope==
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===Purpose===
 
===Purpose===
  
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The purpose is to assess the health impacts of energy production and consumption (including energy within products) in a city. The climate change and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are taken as a boundary condition. Hence, the climate change impacts are not on the focus, but rather the impacts of climate change abatement measures that are put in action in the city. Individual and societal interests and decisions, and their interplay is specifically on focus. Situations where individual and societal values are in conflict are indentified and examined. Policies aiming at resolution of these conflicts are seeked for.
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The purpose is to evaluate different possibilities of carbon trade mechanisms, and also other international policy instruments to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and radiative forcing. The assessment is performed at city level, and the requirements of the international policy are taken as given. The focus is thus on city-level mitigation in all sectors, including energy production, heating, traffic, food, and other goods. The health is of major importance but also other impacts, notably costs, are included. The climate change impacts are not on the focus, but rather the impacts of climate change abatement measures that are put in action in the city. Individual and societal interests and decisions, and their interplay is specifically on focus. Situations where individual and societal values are in conflict are indentified and examined. Policies aiming at resolution of these conflicts are seeked for.
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Especially, the assessment aims to produce useful guidance and insight into the [[:en:United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change#COP-15, Copenhagen, Denmark|UN climate change meeting in Copenhagen]] in December 2009.
  
 
===Boundaries===
 
===Boundaries===
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* Temporal: Current situation - 20 years in the future.
 
* Temporal: Current situation - 20 years in the future.
 
* Health impacts: All: mortality and morbidity. [[DALY]]s are used as the summary measure.
 
* Health impacts: All: mortality and morbidity. [[DALY]]s are used as the summary measure.
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* Other impacts: Costs from a) citizen's and b) society's perspective.
 
* Population: The whole population in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area is considered as the active population (making societal and individual decisions). However, health impacts are considered anywhere in the world both downstream (impacts of pollutants from Helsinki) and upstream (health impacts of the production of products consumed in Helsinki).
 
* Population: The whole population in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area is considered as the active population (making societal and individual decisions). However, health impacts are considered anywhere in the world both downstream (impacts of pollutants from Helsinki) and upstream (health impacts of the production of products consumed in Helsinki).
  
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Preliminary draft, no commitments whatsoever made.
 
Preliminary draft, no commitments whatsoever made.
 
* The Risk research group from KTL.
 
* The Risk research group from KTL.
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** Jouni
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** Jouni (composite traffic)
 
** Marko (role?)
 
** Marko (role?)
 
** Mikko (role?)
 
** Mikko (role?)
 
** Virpi (role?)
 
** Virpi (role?)
 +
** Pauliina (Bioher)
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** Erkki (traffic: congestion charging, noise)
 
* PM epi group in KTL?
 
* PM epi group in KTL?
 
* PM tox group in KTL?
 
* PM tox group in KTL?
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==Definition==
 
==Definition==
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 +
[[Image:CarbonTrade city-level.PNG]]
  
 
===Decision variables===
 
===Decision variables===

Revision as of 16:58, 14 August 2008


Health impact assessment (HIA) on city-level energy production and consumption with climate change boundaries takes a wide perspective over environmental issues that can be dealt with on a city level. It studies many of the contemporary ideas, plans, and pieces of legislation in an integrated and systematic way. It tries to find hidden caveats, expose policies that are based on popular trends rather than science, and assess the impacts of new innovative solutions. The model file can be accessed here.

Scope

Purpose

The purpose is to evaluate different possibilities of carbon trade mechanisms, and also other international policy instruments to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and radiative forcing. The assessment is performed at city level, and the requirements of the international policy are taken as given. The focus is thus on city-level mitigation in all sectors, including energy production, heating, traffic, food, and other goods. The health is of major importance but also other impacts, notably costs, are included. The climate change impacts are not on the focus, but rather the impacts of climate change abatement measures that are put in action in the city. Individual and societal interests and decisions, and their interplay is specifically on focus. Situations where individual and societal values are in conflict are indentified and examined. Policies aiming at resolution of these conflicts are seeked for.

Especially, the assessment aims to produce useful guidance and insight into the UN climate change meeting in Copenhagen in December 2009.

Boundaries

  • Spatial: One urban area. Helsinki Metropolitan Area (capital region; Helsinki for short) is used as the practical example.
  • Temporal: Current situation - 20 years in the future.
  • Health impacts: All: mortality and morbidity. DALYs are used as the summary measure.
  • Other impacts: Costs from a) citizen's and b) society's perspective.
  • Population: The whole population in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area is considered as the active population (making societal and individual decisions). However, health impacts are considered anywhere in the world both downstream (impacts of pollutants from Helsinki) and upstream (health impacts of the production of products consumed in Helsinki).

Scenarios

  • Biofuels are used in traffic according to the EU legislation (10 % of consumed energy is biofuels by 2020?)
    • The biofuel is produced from a) palm oil or b) domestic sources such as waste or forest industry side products.
  • Composite traffic[1] is applied in personal transport.
  • One nuclear power plant is built in Finland, and the heat load is utilised in the district heating of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area.
  • For remote areas without district heating, alternative sources of heat are considered: a) domestic wood or oil combustion, b) small-scale district heating with wood or oil for the nearby community (2000-10000 inhabitants), c) electricity. (see Bioher).
  • Energy uptake is increased from the exhaust air from buildings. (see Claih).
  • More scenarios may be needed, depending on the Future Scenario Report of Climate Change in Finland (in progress).

Intended users

  • City-level policy-makers in all sectors in Helsinki and everywhere.
  • International policy-makers related to climate change.
  • General public.

Participants

Preliminary draft, no commitments whatsoever made.

  • The Risk research group from KTL.
    • Jouni (composite traffic)
    • Marko (role?)
    • Mikko (role?)
    • Virpi (role?)
    • Pauliina (Bioher)
    • Erkki (traffic: congestion charging, noise)
  • PM epi group in KTL?
  • PM tox group in KTL?
  • Exposure group in KTL?
  • PM emission group in UKU?
  • Aerosol dynamics group in FMI?
  • Cost-benefit assessors with cost functions in USTUTT?
  • The YRMY project?
  • The Open Assessors' Network.
  • Anyone interested. This is an open assessment.


Miten rekrytoidaan ihmisiä hankkeeseen?

  • Julistetaan YTOSin sisällä
  • sitä mukaa kuin tulee vastaan tarpeellista tietoa, kysytään tiedon omistajalta lupa pistää se heandeen.
  • ketä halutaan mukaan joka tapauksessa?
    • USTUTT kustannusfunktiot non-technical
    • Jim Morris yhdistelmäliikenne
    • Niko FRES
    • IIASA tarvitaanko vai onko kaikki jo käytettävissä? Nopeuttaisiko soveltamista?
    • IL leviämislaskennat

Definition

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Decision variables

  • The citizen as a consumer: level of overall consumption (given the average impact per unit service)
  • The citizen as a selective consumer: impacts of a given level of consumption.
  • The municipality as an energy producer for district heat and electricity.
  • The municipality as a provider of traffic infrastructure (including public transportation).
  • The municipality as an authority affecting citizens' behaviour.
  • The industry as a producer: impacts of products and services, given a level of demand and production. Hence, the focus is on the impacts per unit service, while the total volume of services is a value-neutral issue (the products are produced somewhere anyway, so why not in Helsinki).

Indicator variables

Other variables

  • Production of heat energy.
  • Production of electricity.
  • Production of consumables.
  • Production of transport services.
  • Consupmtion of heat energy.
  • Consumption of electricity.
  • Consumption of consumables.
  • Consumption of transport services.
  • Palm oil production and its impacts on
    • Greenhouse gas emissions
    • Biodiversity
  • Costs for mitigation measures (for non-technical measures there will be a discussion possibility on the National Integrated Assessment Webpage : go to hot topics)

Indices

  • Time: Years 2008..2030
  • Age groups: years 0-1, 1-30, 31-65, 65+
  • Area: 129 areas within the Helsinki Municipality Area.

Analyses

  • Value-of information analysis on all decision options.
    • VOI on PM emissions with an updated PM dose-response function.
  • Optimizing of actions based on cost-benefit analysis and a utilitarian decision-maker.
  • Analysis of conflicting interests of the citizen, the municipality, and the industry.

Result

Results

Conclusions

See also

References

  1. ↑ Tuomisto JT, Tainio M: BMC Public Health (2005) 5:123
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