Difference between revisions of "INTERA: Di-methyl fumarate in consumer products"
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| + | <t2b index="Country,Product,Exposure type,Statistical parameter,Ref,Unit" unit="mg/kg, ppm, ug/cm^2" obs="Result"> | ||
| + | Denmark|Shoes |Before exposure|Single value|1|mg/kg|> 0.1 | ||
| + | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden|Shoes|Before exposure|Min|2|mg/kg|0.14 | ||
| + | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden|Shoes|Before exposure|Max|2|mg/kg|5409 | ||
| + | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden|Jeans|Before exposure|Min|2|mg/kg|0.2 | ||
| + | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden|Jeans|Before exposure|Max|2|mg/kg|0.5 | ||
| + | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden|Children’s hat |Before exposure|Single value|2|mg/kg|1.7 | ||
| + | Hungary, Italy, Spain, Germany, Portugal, Estonia, Bulgaria, Holland, Greece, Cyprus, Poland, Finland, France, Sweden|Shoes|Before exposure|Min|3|mg/kg|0.11 | ||
| + | Hungary, Italy, Spain, Germany, Portugal, Estonia, Bulgaria, Holland, Greece, Cyprus, Poland, Finland, France, Sweden|Shoes|Before exposure|Max|3|mg/kg|2749 | ||
| + | Sweden, Poland, France|Shoes|Before exposure|Unspecified|4|mg/kg|19 | ||
| + | Spain|Shoes|After exposure|Min|5|ppm|3 | ||
| + | Spain|Shoes|After exposure|Max|5|ppm|95 | ||
| + | Spain|Shoes|After exposure|Min|5| ug/cm2|10 | ||
| + | Spain|Shoes|After exposure|Max|5| ug/cm2|46 | ||
| + | Portugal|Red boots|After exposure|Min|6|ppm|1.3 | ||
| + | Portugal|Red boots|After exposure|Max|6|ppm|11 | ||
| + | Portugal|Black boots|After exposure|Min|6|ppm|120 | ||
| + | Portugal|Black boots|After exposure|Max|6|ppm|640 | ||
| + | Sweden|Shoes|After exposure|Min|7|ppm|0.22 | ||
| + | Sweden|Shoes|After exposure|Max|7|ppm|2.8 | ||
| + | France|Slippers|After exposure|Min|8|ppm|0.18 | ||
| + | France|Slippers|After exposure|Max|8|ppm|610 | ||
| + | France|Sofa|After exposure|Single value|8|ppm|0.5 | ||
| + | Finland|Chair|After exposure|Min|9|ppm|41 | ||
| + | Finland|Chair|After exposure|Max|9|ppm|400 | ||
| + | </t2b> | ||
| + | |||
{{resultlink}} | {{resultlink}} | ||
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Contents
Scope
Di-methyl fumarate concentrations in consumer products that are sold in Europe.
Definition
Data
According to the Hong Kong Trade Development Council (HKTDC) shoes, sofas and chair account for more than 90% of the total DMF products entered in EU (Hong Kong Trade Development Council, 2009). Other consumer products include toys and helmets (reported in the RAPEX database). A case of occupational exposure after contact with working trousers has also been reported (Foti et al. 2009).
The European RAPEX database provided 185 results (2005-2011) of products which were contaminated with DMF. These concentrations are measured just after the products have come to the marked and therefore are refereed as concentrations before exposure. Furthermore, some sutudies were found from the literature, which published measured concentrations from the consumer products after being suspected to cause exposure to DMF. These are referred as concentrations after exposure.
Dependencies
Unit
mg/kg, ppm or μg/cm2.
Formula
Result
| Obs | Country | Product | Exposure type | Statistical parameter | Ref | Unit | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Denmark | Shoes | Before exposure | Single value | 1 | mg/kg | > 0.1 |
| 2 | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden | Shoes | Before exposure | Min | 2 | mg/kg | 0.14 |
| 3 | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden | Shoes | Before exposure | Max | 2 | mg/kg | 5409 |
| 4 | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden | Jeans | Before exposure | Min | 2 | mg/kg | 0.2 |
| 5 | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden | Jeans | Before exposure | Max | 2 | mg/kg | 0.5 |
| 6 | Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Italy, Finland, Germany, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, Spain, Sweden | Children’s hat | Before exposure | Single value | 2 | mg/kg | 1.7 |
| 7 | Hungary, Italy, Spain, Germany, Portugal, Estonia, Bulgaria, Holland, Greece, Cyprus, Poland, Finland, France, Sweden | Shoes | Before exposure | Min | 3 | mg/kg | 0.11 |
| 8 | Hungary, Italy, Spain, Germany, Portugal, Estonia, Bulgaria, Holland, Greece, Cyprus, Poland, Finland, France, Sweden | Shoes | Before exposure | Max | 3 | mg/kg | 2749 |
| 9 | Sweden, Poland, France | Shoes | Before exposure | Unspecified | 4 | mg/kg | 19 |
| 10 | Spain | Shoes | After exposure | Min | 5 | ppm | 3 |
| 11 | Spain | Shoes | After exposure | Max | 5 | ppm | 95 |
| 12 | Spain | Shoes | After exposure | Min | 5 | ug/cm2 | 10 |
| 13 | Spain | Shoes | After exposure | Max | 5 | ug/cm2 | 46 |
| 14 | Portugal | Red boots | After exposure | Min | 6 | ppm | 1.3 |
| 15 | Portugal | Red boots | After exposure | Max | 6 | ppm | 11 |
| 16 | Portugal | Black boots | After exposure | Min | 6 | ppm | 120 |
| 17 | Portugal | Black boots | After exposure | Max | 6 | ppm | 640 |
| 18 | Sweden | Shoes | After exposure | Min | 7 | ppm | 0.22 |
| 19 | Sweden | Shoes | After exposure | Max | 7 | ppm | 2.8 |
| 20 | France | Slippers | After exposure | Min | 8 | ppm | 0.18 |
| 21 | France | Slippers | After exposure | Max | 8 | ppm | 610 |
| 22 | France | Sofa | After exposure | Single value | 8 | ppm | 0.5 |
| 23 | Finland | Chair | After exposure | Min | 9 | ppm | 41 |
| 24 | Finland | Chair | After exposure | Max | 9 | ppm | 400 |
See also
Keywords
References
- RAPEX, advanced 18-04-2011, European Commission, http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/dyna/rapex/rapex_archives_en.cfm
- Gimenez-Arnau A, Silvestre J.F, Mercader P, De La Cuadra J, Ballester I, Gallardo F, Pujol, R.M, Zimerson E and Bruze M. (2009). Shoe contact dermatitis from dimethyl fumarate: clinical manifestations, patch test results, chemical analysis, and source of exposure. Contact Dermatitis 2009: 61: 249–260
- Fraga A, Silva R, Filipe P, Scharrer K, Da Costa J.B, Nußbaum P and Gomes M.M (2010). Allergic contact dermatitis to dimethyl fumarate in footwear. Contact Dermatitis 2010: 62: 121–123
- Hasan T, Zimerson E. and Bruze M (2010), Persistent Shoe Dermatitis Caused by Dimethyl Fumarate. Acta Dermato-Venereologica 2010: 90: 553-554
- Retho C, Accessed 1st March 2011. Analysis of dimethylfumarate. European Commission meeting on 16 June 2009. http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/safety/projects/index_en.htm#dmf
- Rantanen T, (2008)The cause of the Chinese sofa/chair dermatitis epidemic is likely to be contact allergy to dimethylfumarate, a novel potent contact sensitizer. British Journal of Dermatology 2008 159, pp218–221
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