User:Edem Agbenowu
Contents
Homework 1
←# : Very good. You have answered more questions than asked for. --Jouni (talk) 07:40, 10 April 2017 (UTC)
1.Environmental health assessment is the application of knowledge obtained from environmental health research about how decisions and actions about the environment affect our health and this provides the basis to support policy making.
2.Shared understanding is a written description of a topic and that it covers the thinking and reasoning of all stakeholders on the topic.At the end one or more poor decision option may be identified and rejected.
3.
4.Co-creation skills are skills that are needed so that information can be organized and synthesized.
5.Open assessment unlike other methods of assessment offers stakeholders the privilege to participate comment and also edit the content of a topic as it develops from the early stages with value judgment.
6.Benefit risk assessment is a methodology used for collecting, analyzing and synthesizing scientific information and values needed in a decision making process.
7.Open assessment is a platform for collecting organizing, synthesizing information that is needed in a decision making process.
8.The purpose for participation is to contribute information that is needed for decision making process and also to be able to predict the impact of different decision option on some outcome of interest and lastly organize information for decision makers.
9.The dimension of openness are the scope of participation,Access to information,timing of openness,scope of contribution and finally impact of contribution.
10.
11.Effectiveness of an environmental health assessment is seen when it is able to change values ,attitudes and behavior outside the walls of the research community
12 .Trialogical approach to learning is alearning or knowledge creating strategy where people develop and create some concrete things together through communication of their observation and description of the things they perceive to one another.
HOMEWORK 1D The probability lecture on khan academy was very refreshing.I completed course in probability in my Bsc so it really reminded me about how to solve probability questions and apply .However the use of the cards confused me because the term given to the cards such as hearts etc are different from the terms used at my Country.In most situation the use of the die and selection of object to explain probaility of an evidenr occuring was very iformative.
Homework 3
Question 1:I will like to know the differences between output and impact as related to open policy practice? --# : --Jouni (talk) 09:56, 20 April 2017 (UTC) {{{3}}}
Question 2:In the main glossary section in explaining the term adverse effect the last part of the sentence said it could be an increase in susceptibility to other influences.I will be happy if that part of the definition is explained --# : Susceptibility to other influences means that the body is compromised and is more sensitive to other factors. For example, HIV virus does not directly cause influenza, but HIV infection makes a person susceptible, and then influenza viruses can more easily cause a disease in a HIV/AIDS patient. This is clearly an adverse effect of HIV although the mechanism is indirect. --Jouni (talk) 09:56, 20 April 2017 (UTC)
"""ESSAY""".
←# : Good. --Jouni (talk) 09:56, 20 April 2017 (UTC)
Whenever we want to make a decision that affect so many people we try as much as we can to commit every resource available to make a right choice.It becomes more complicated when the decision we make affect millions of people.A new paradigm shift to help in decision making is the principle of co-creation.Co- creation provide a platform for joint collaborative effort to produce information typically supplied by facilitators or stakeholders utilizing online tools.It is avenue through which value could be built on some of the decision that are made with regards to governmental policies business ideas ,sustainable intervention for humans as well as the purpose of scientific research.In the area of governmental policies and law for instance it has been established that co-creation through the use of "crowdsourcing" for example provided platform for individuals to share their opinion and it yielded positive results.There is a lot of research on global sustainability in an effort to solve some of the prevalent world crisis.Through the application of co creation research will not only be designed to fill a knowledge gap but rather needs of the society.This will be possible if there is an integration of knowledge from natural,social, human science and engineering.The impact of co-creation as important in decision making process is very appreciated in the business market. It has become clear that consumers can choose the firms they want to have a relationship with based on their own views of how value should be created for them.We are moving toward a world in which value is the result of an implicit negotiation between the individual consumer and the firm. Therefore, value creation, for an automaker, for example, is the result of individualized negotiations with millions of consumers.Co-creation has gradually proven effective in solving strategic problem unlike the expert mode of finding solution to problem.
The traditional approach to decision making for instance the expert mode relies on the issue of operational research method and models that permit an objective analysis of the problem in question.However this kind of approach will not be always appropriate in finding solution to some strategic problem because of lack of agreement on the scope and depth of the problem,there might as well be a lot of stakeholders with different and conflicting objectives values and interest.Hence the solution to this is to provide a platform for the stakeholders to co-create their skills and ideas to solve strategic problem.
Advantages associated with this paradigm shift is that it has discouraged managers from being product-centered thinking and instead of focusing on the experiences that customers will seek to co-create. Additionally it has provided a new source of competitive advantage as companies can tap on the experiences of the customer.In the end value will have to be jointly created by both the firm and the consumer unlike the traditional system where companies rather decided the value of the customer. Moreover this has indirectly lead to the partition some of the work they had to handle to customers.The advantages associated with this paradigm shift include the alleviation of the challenges due to the existence of several stakeholders with distinct and often conflicting perspective,objectives values and interest in decision making.
"ROLE OF FACILITATORS"
A facilitators role in co-creation is to help participants so that they can make a detailed and clear as possible the different perspective of the problem in group facilitation. Moreover because the purpose of group facilitation is to make decision, facilitators should be able to help participants to integrate new and different ways of thinking with their own so that shared framework of understanding can be achieved.The basic role of a facilitators is to be able to assist a group complete its primary task.However for a facilitator to be able to carry out these role there is a need for essential skills.
A facilitator should have the ability to encourage full participation, promotes mutual understanding and fosters inclusive solution.This will require that a facilitator is able to use the art of questioning story telling and self reflection to engage people in challenging their mindset and encourage them to think in new ways.
Homework 4
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Scope
Question
Climate change is a global challenge that requires a concerted effort by all nations. CFCs are a greenhouse gas that contribute significantly to global warming and was used in the making refrigerators.A sizable amount of these refrigerators are imported into the country from developed countries.How will prohibition of the importation of CFCs fridge helping in reducing greenhouse emissions.Should CFCS fridegs be banned automatically in Ghana.
Intended use and users
This assessment will provide insight for the Environmental Protection Agency of Ghana to be able to carry out innovative ideas of mitigating global warming.The focus will also be on best possible ways to reduce CFCs
Participants
Environmental Protection Agency of Ghana, Center for Scientific and industrial research, Ports and Harbour Authorities, Opinion leaders., Ministry of Education,
Boundaries
The importation of used fridges from developed countries. The possible emssion of CFCs from these fridges and their effect on global warming.
Decisions and scenarios
The ban of disude of CFCs fridegs in developed countries create a lot of electronoc waste.Some of these fridges are imported into developing countries like Ghana.Climate change has no respect for national boundaries and hence if these fridegsa are brought to parts of developing countries the contribution of CFCs to global warming will still be privalent. Developing countries, particularly those in Africa, and generally the poor and marginalised, will be those most affected, even though the largest share of historical and current global emissions ofgreenhouse gases originated in developed countries.There is a general concern that a total ban will create a lot of incovienent so the the system should be allowed to proceed so that gradually all fridges that uses CFcs will after sometime be removed from the system.
Timing
The assessment will cover a 3 months period during the end of the year when there is peak imporation
Answer
Results
Conclusions
Rationale
Upload a causal diagram and change the right name here.
Stakeholders
=== Dependencies
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Analyses
Indices
Calculations
See also
Keywords
References
