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• Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water
  [[Category:Drinking water]] | page = Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water
  10 KB (1,149 words) - 16:07, 29 January 2011
• Nitrate concentration in drinking water
  ** Tap water ** Public and private (wells) drinking water source
  2 KB (298 words) - 08:10, 5 June 2009
• Drinking water source
  *Public (tap water) and private (well water) drinking water sources. Percentage of public and private (wells) drinking water sources in Europe.
  626 bytes (77 words) - 13:30, 4 September 2008
• Total ingestion of nitrates from drinking water
  Total daily ingestion of nitrates in drinking water by infants under six months of age.<br> *General drinking water consumption by infants under 6 months of age: 0.2879 (http://rais.ornl.gov/
  1 KB (148 words) - 12:17, 10 September 2008
• Water companies in England and Wales
  [[Category:Drinking water]] ...er supply zones, counties etc.). In this case we have used England & Wales water companies (in 2007).
  1 KB (161 words) - 12:43, 28 November 2008
• Evaluating impact on quality of water
  [[Category:Water]] ...increase the quality or quantity of freshwater and groundwater?<ref name="water">JRC: IA TOOLS. Supporting inpact assessment in the European Commission. [h
  12 KB (1,659 words) - 10:48, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on quality of water in the coast
  [[Category:Water]] Another source of anthropogenic introduced change in coastal and marine water quality is the entry of pharmaceuticals, which has risen drastically. Resid
  7 KB (1,044 words) - 10:49, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on drinking water sources
  [[Category:Water]] Does the option affect drinking water resources?<ref name="rains">JRC: IA TOOLS. Supporting inpact assessment in
  10 KB (1,433 words) - 10:46, 16 October 2009
• Water quality and resources
  [[Category:Water]] ...ies have to be analysed also with regard to potential implications for the water availability in other regions of the globe.<ref name="waq">JRC: IA TOOLS. S
  4 KB (525 words) - 11:01, 16 October 2009
• Bottled water consumption in Europe
  What is the consumption of bottled water in the European Union? ...Union in 2007 was published online by the ''European Federation of Bottled Water'':<ref>[http://www.efbw.eu/images/file/graph%20-%20EU%20and%20individual%20
  2 KB (238 words) - 12:18, 22 October 2009
• Life cycle analysis of bottled water
  ...ldwatch.org/brain/media/pdf/pubs/mag/EP172C.pdf World Watch LCA of bottled water] ...esdirectory.org/mn/031604_great_lakes.htm Article on life cycle of bottled water]
  3 KB (383 words) - 11:51, 26 October 2009
• Environmental health impact assessment of bottled water consumption in Europe
  [[heande:Environmental health impact assessment of bottled water consumption in Europe]] ...effects of energy production required to support current levels of bottled water consumption in Europe, and how might this be affected by different consumpt
  674 bytes (90 words) - 08:38, 23 October 2009
• Average daily tap water consumption in Finland
  Daily total tap water consumption for Finland during 2002. ...age and area. <ref>Finravinto 2002. Mean daily consumption (g) of drinking water by sex, age and area. Available on internet http://www.ktl.fi/portal/suomi/
  632 bytes (79 words) - 15:19, 9 February 2010
• Does water chlorination cause cancer?
  ...ona filtered their water through sand filters while Hamburg used untreated water. The cholera epidemic affected almost exclusively the inhabitants of Hambur ...t subsequently they were found to increase due to chlorination of drinking water. Since then, chlorination side products have been investigated all over the
  5 KB (807 words) - 12:00, 6 July 2010
• Arsenic in the drinking water – reminiscent of the movie “Lavender and old lace”?
  ...as the most critical adverse outcome. Very high concentrations in drinking water have also evoked a variety of vascular diseases even leading to gangrene of ...erefore individual analyses are needed to ensure that arsenic contaminated water should be avoided if at all possible.
  3 KB (395 words) - 13:10, 6 July 2010
• Surface water models
  surface water, modeling, assessment, fish, fate, aquatic environment, environmental effec [[Category:Water]]
  474 bytes (55 words) - 07:12, 22 June 2010
• Ground water models
  Groundwater models quantify the movement of subsurface water and provide inputs to subsurface contaminant transport models. Simulation p ground water, modeling, assessment, pesticides, nitrogen, fate, volatilization, hydrolog
  521 bytes (60 words) - 09:24, 22 June 2010
• Drinking water QMRA
  ...sure to pathogens. It is used in many fields and routes of exposure: food, water, air, fomites. QMRA allows objective, science based assessment of the healt Drinking water quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) has four stages:
  4 KB (683 words) - 13:50, 14 October 2016
• WHO:Clean water - a basic human right
  ...that adequate measures are taken to improve access to safe and affordable water and sanitation for all children<ref name="who">WHO Health and Environment i *Population access to improved water sources, sanitation and wastewater treatment has increased over the past tw
  44 KB (6,335 words) - 09:39, 15 June 2012
• Gotham City Water Treatment (Wikisym 2012 demo)
  383 bytes (61 words) - 13:14, 23 August 2012
• Ground water pathogen concentrations
  Pathogen concentrations on ground water ...World Health Organization</ref> <ref>WHO (2004). Guidelines for Drinking‐water Quality Third Edition. Volume 1. Geneva, World Health Organization.</ref>
  3 KB (412 words) - 14:11, 27 August 2012
• Water guide
  [[Category:Water]] '''Water guide''' is a model for calculating health risks of contaminated raw water in a waterworks. There is a [[:op_fi:Vesiopas|Finnish version]] that is mor
  22 KB (3,199 words) - 10:00, 30 October 2014
• IEHIAS question: example from water
  ...o assess the health impacts associated with the supply and use of domestic water. ...g. mercury) and PAHs. In addition, disinfection by-products caused by the water treatment (e.g. trihalomethanes) have been a cause for concern.
  3 KB (463 words) - 19:21, 25 September 2014
• Defining IEHIAS stakeholders: example from water
  ...ed out to assess the health effects of exposures to pollutants in domestic water supplies in five European countries (Finland, Hungary, Romania, Spain and t *Water industry
  5 KB (662 words) - 19:21, 25 September 2014
• Engaging IEHIAS stakeholders: example from water
  ...e study was carried out to assess health impacts associated with domestic water supply. Stakeholders were involved in the initial scoping of the water assessment. It was recognised from the start that
  3 KB (438 words) - 19:21, 25 September 2014
• List of hydrological and water quality models
  ...widely used models of flow and water quality in streams, groundwaters and water distribution systems. Listed models are generally simple to medium level o ...xfiltration, subsurface flow, evapotranspiration, and channel routing in a water basin. || Free || [http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/ Lancaster University]
  5 KB (624 words) - 13:54, 13 October 2014

Page text matches

• TCA in groundwater
  * Ingestion of contaminated water * Dermal contact with contaminated water (bath, shower)
  5 KB (675 words) - 13:19, 18 June 2012
• From risk assessment to decisions in the EU and the US
  *generally present such low risks as not to require registration, like water, oxygen, certain noble gases, and cellulose pulp
  28 KB (4,037 words) - 11:12, 20 August 2014
• List of links to useful and interesting websites about environment and health
  ...national Water History Association (IWHA) Conference, "Past and Futures of Water", 13-17 June 2007 Tampere, Finland]
  28 KB (3,869 words) - 07:58, 14 August 2012
• Dioxin emission in Hämeenkyrö
  **Hazardous wastes: air 0, water 200 **Non-hazardous wastes: air 0, water 30
  4 KB (597 words) - 11:28, 13 March 2009
• Intake fraction for dioxin emission in Hämeenkyrö
  ...e it is rather inert if adsorbed to soil. However, when dioxins deposit to water, they enter the aquatic food chain and end up to fish. When they deposit on
  3 KB (396 words) - 11:51, 17 June 2009
• Intake fraction
  ...stion, inhalation, dermal uptake or total, media refers to release to air, water and soil, and subpopulation refers to exposed group - e. g. workers, reside
  11 KB (1,708 words) - 18:49, 14 October 2014
• Well-being in Hämeenkyrö due to MSWI
  :* Hazardous components leaching to the ground water and/or surface water will decrease.(The incinerator processes are controlled and monitored)<BR>
  5 KB (701 words) - 07:20, 22 August 2014
• Relations of waste production to EU directives
  ...WI: Directive objective is "to prevent or reduce, as far as possible, air, water and soil pollution caused by the incineration or co-incineration of waste, ...ects of the landfill of waste on the environment, in particular on surface water, groundwater, soil, air and human health." It introduces stringent technica
  2 KB (311 words) - 07:07, 22 August 2014
• Policies to improve environmental health
  ...hat of the 19th century, and environmental health--healthier food, cleaner water, better places to live (the "built environment")--has been the greatest con ...ms in 1970, focused on legal and engineering strategies related to air and water pollution, as well as species and land protection. Meanwhile, environmental
  5 KB (721 words) - 07:17, 22 August 2014
• Guidebook
  ...rg/kt/action.php?kt_path_info=ktcore.actions.document.view&fDocumentId=25 Water Assessment Protocol] (D25 Final, Sept 07)
  19 KB (2,420 words) - 11:41, 24 October 2008
• Exposure-response function
  |Contains ERFs for radon, PM2.5, noise, chlorinated byproducts in drinking water, arsenic, dampness in buildings, formaldehyde, fluoride, ozone, lead, dioxi
  10 KB (1,426 words) - 12:46, 8 June 2017
• Intarese framework
  | '''Emissions''' <br> Emissions into air, water and soil, depending on activities and emission factors; can be reduced by a
  7 KB (1,001 words) - 07:34, 6 August 2010
• Medium
  :'''Medium''' is a material (e.g., air, water, soil, food, consumer products) surrounding or containing an [[agent]]. The
  410 bytes (58 words) - 12:57, 17 November 2009
• Risk assessment
  * [[Water guide]] a drinking water risk assessment model
  1 KB (168 words) - 12:47, 11 October 2013
• Publishing plan of the risk research group, KTL (YTOS)
  *Meriläinen P, et al. HiWATE - Risk-benefit assessment of drinking water disinfection (comparison of scenarios) ...sment of drinking water contaminants – Involving stakeholders. Stockholm water conference, 2008.
  9 KB (1,226 words) - 15:07, 16 December 2009
• OpenMI Life (project)
  ...s in the Water Framework Directive,which demands an integrated approach to water management. This requires an ability to predict how catchment processes wil ...the strategic planning and integrated catchment management required by the Water Framework Directive. This web site enables the dissemination of information
  2 KB (229 words) - 15:15, 7 February 2008
• Benefit-risk assessment of methyl mercury and omega-3 fatty acids in fish
  * Water (from which the fish comes from): Baltic Sea, Inland lake
  6 KB (855 words) - 11:22, 14 April 2011
• Heande
  * [[Hiwate]]: microbial and chemical risks of drinking water (2007-2010).
  7 KB (1,113 words) - 09:46, 17 November 2009
• Evaluating performance of environmental health assessments
  | HarmoniQuA guidance for quality assurance in multidisciplinary model-based water management | Operationalising uncertainty in integrated water resource management
  63 KB (8,880 words) - 16:20, 4 March 2015
• Global programme for environmental health and risk analysis
  * Microbiological safety of drinking water * Benefit-risk assessment of disinfection of drinking water: microbiological vs. chemical risks.
  8 KB (1,152 words) - 12:22, 14 May 2008
• Assessment on impacts of emission trading on city-level (ET-CL)
  **Heating of buildings and water
  23 KB (3,077 words) - 07:19, 30 January 2011
• Model
  ...Air; Water; Soil; Noise; Exposure; Multimedia; Consumer products; Drinking water; Dose-Response, PBPK; Integrated Assessment systems; Monetary Evaluation; e
  8 KB (1,262 words) - 12:55, 17 November 2009
• Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water
  [[Category:Drinking water]] | page = Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water
  10 KB (1,149 words) - 16:07, 29 January 2011
• Heimtsa
  #Human exposures (e.g. outdoor and indoor air pollution, water, noise, odour, metals, dioxins) by multiple routes are estimated, using new
  5 KB (724 words) - 14:13, 14 February 2011
• Publications of the risk research group, KTL (YTOS)
  samples in a village after pollution of drinking water with chlorophenols.
  13 KB (1,710 words) - 12:23, 3 October 2008
• Nitrate concentration in drinking water
  ** Tap water ** Public and private (wells) drinking water source
  2 KB (298 words) - 08:10, 5 June 2009
• Drinking water source
  *Public (tap water) and private (well water) drinking water sources. Percentage of public and private (wells) drinking water sources in Europe.
  626 bytes (77 words) - 13:30, 4 September 2008
• Total ingestion of nitrates from drinking water
  Total daily ingestion of nitrates in drinking water by infants under six months of age.<br> *General drinking water consumption by infants under 6 months of age: 0.2879 (http://rais.ornl.gov/
  1 KB (148 words) - 12:17, 10 September 2008
• Exposure response function for nitrate and iMetHb
  To define the exposure response factor for nitrate exposure from drinking water causing iMetHb *Oral exposure from drinking water via baby food formula or drinking water.
  3 KB (392 words) - 12:54, 18 November 2009
• Health risk estimates for iMetHb
  ...health risk estimates for infant MetHb attributable to nitrate in drinking water. *Total daily ingestion of nitrates in drinking water by infants < 6 months
  2 KB (282 words) - 12:15, 10 September 2008
• Excess cases of iMetHb in England and Wales
  [[Category:Drinking water]] What is the excess risk of iMetHb attributable to nitrates in drinking water in England and Wales (per year?)?
  924 bytes (138 words) - 13:30, 28 November 2008
• Value of information
  ...lyses have been applied in a number of different fields from toxicology to water contamination studies.
  32 KB (4,906 words) - 14:15, 13 October 2014
• Concentration Database
  * Drinking water | Tap water concentrations for selected elements in the EPA Region V National Human Exp
  10 KB (1,313 words) - 07:41, 25 March 2010
• Climate change mitigation policies
  ...R and Stephen Salter Edinburgh University: make ships that throw small sea water droplets into air and to increase cloud formation
  1,005 bytes (148 words) - 06:48, 18 November 2008
• Water companies in England and Wales
  [[Category:Drinking water]] ...er supply zones, counties etc.). In this case we have used England & Wales water companies (in 2007).
  1 KB (161 words) - 12:43, 28 November 2008
• Thermal energy need in Helsinki Metropolitan Area
  ...tion per inhabitant information, needed thermal energy for heat up the tap water can be calculated, which is 350 GWh in 2007. ...By YTV's estimations in 2025 473 GWh thermal energy is needed for warm tap water and 14 650 GWh for heating buildings. Finnish Meteorology Institute estimat
  5 KB (666 words) - 15:08, 17 February 2010
• Heating consumption of buildings
  ===Heating of warm tap water in buildings=== Buildings also need '''thermal energy for warm tap water'''. This can be calculated by a following function
  10 KB (1,534 words) - 15:51, 29 January 2011
• Intarese
  ...be applied to different stressors and environmental media (air pollution, water pollution, climate change etc), settings (ambient, domestic, occupational) ...of key policy areas, including transport, housing, agricultural land use, water management, household chemicals, waste management and climate.
  2 KB (249 words) - 15:07, 18 February 2011
• District heating production units in Helsinki metropolitan area
  | = water ...gle apartments. The difference is caused by desynchronized use of warm tap water.
  47 KB (6,369 words) - 17:08, 2 July 2015
• Common Case Study
  ...uilding heating/cooling, electricity use, and road transport; agriculture; water supply. * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  5 KB (689 words) - 21:13, 22 March 2011
• Neurodevelopmental effect of nitrate
  What is the magnitude of neurodevelopmental effects of nitrate in drinking water in the infant population in Europe?
  559 bytes (66 words) - 11:03, 4 November 2009
• Cancer due to pesticides in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  537 bytes (67 words) - 10:45, 7 September 2009
• Gastric infections in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  519 bytes (63 words) - 10:45, 7 September 2009
• Pesticide regulation in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  525 bytes (64 words) - 10:45, 7 September 2009
• Irrigation practices of agricultural land in Europe
  What is the amount of water used per year for irrigation for different agricultural land uses in differ * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  564 bytes (73 words) - 10:45, 7 September 2009
• Biofuel production in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  582 bytes (75 words) - 10:45, 7 September 2009
• Meat consumption in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  475 bytes (56 words) - 10:44, 7 September 2009
• Population of Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  6 KB (980 words) - 22:07, 22 March 2011
• Number of farm animals in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  478 bytes (57 words) - 10:44, 7 September 2009
• Fertilizer use in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  490 bytes (61 words) - 10:44, 2 September 2010
• Pesticide use in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  491 bytes (61 words) - 10:44, 7 September 2009
• Pesticide exposure in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  656 bytes (88 words) - 10:44, 7 September 2009
• ERF of pesticides on cancer
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  520 bytes (63 words) - 10:43, 7 September 2009
• Livestock wastes in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  486 bytes (60 words) - 10:43, 7 September 2009
• Nitrate leaching and run-off in Europe
  ...ain turns into groundwater per year. The leached nitrate dissolves in this water volume. * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  648 bytes (82 words) - 10:43, 7 September 2009
• Livestock waste leaching and run-off in Europe
  * [[Risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water]]
  505 bytes (63 words) - 10:43, 7 September 2009
• Dioxin
  ...sources (e.g. waste incineration, production of chemicals) on farmland and water bodies followed by bioaccumulation up terrestrial and aquatic food chains. ...here is a lower cancer risk to humans through exposure to dioxins in food, water, or the environment, it gave no reason for increased concern. More on this
  24 KB (3,542 words) - 09:40, 7 March 2017
• Saving the World
  * Water scarcity
  7 KB (1,188 words) - 21:42, 18 July 2009
• Hiwate
  |Health impacts of long-term exposure to disinfection by-products in drinking water ...ve assessments of risk associated with microbial contamination of drinking water versus chemical risk and will compare alternative treatment options. The o
  5 KB (645 words) - 08:53, 2 December 2009
• FUND
  ...ss, malaria, dengue fever, schistosomiasis, diarrhoea, energy consumption, water resources, and unmanaged ecosystems. Other impact categories, such as agriculture, forestry, energy, water, and ecosystems, are directly expressed in monetary values without an inter
  8 KB (1,248 words) - 08:02, 29 June 2009
• IMAGE
  ...nitrogen from point and nonpoint sources in soils, groundwater and surface water. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 17(4), doi:10.129/2003GB002060.
  9 KB (1,311 words) - 08:23, 29 June 2009
• EcoSense
  Extension by medium: Water and Soil model
  11 KB (1,510 words) - 09:39, 29 June 2009
• SMART
  ...odel developed to estimate the long term chemical changes in soil and soil water in response to changes in atmospheric deposition. This model simulates the * Simulation of long-term development in soil water chemistry
  6 KB (955 words) - 09:53, 29 June 2009
• E3MG
  ...ion, (27) Retailing, (28) Hotels & Catering, (29) Land Transport etc, (30) Water Transport, (31) Air Transport, (32) Communications, (33) Banking & Finance, ...ood, (2) Drink, (3) Tobacco, (4) Clothing and Footwear, (5) Gross Rent and Water, (6) Electricity, (7) Gas, (8) Liquid Fuels, (9) Other Fuels, (10) Furnitur
  10 KB (1,390 words) - 10:15, 16 October 2009
• E3ME
  ...ion, (27) Retailing, (28) Hotels & Catering, (29) Land Transport etc, (30) Water Transport, (31) Air Transport, (32) Communications, (33) Banking & Finance, ...ood, (2) Drink, (3) Tobacco, (4) Clothing and Footwear, (5) Gross Rent and Water, (6) Electricity, (7) Gas, (8) Liquid Fuels, (9) Other Fuels, (10) Furnitur
  13 KB (1,678 words) - 10:16, 16 October 2009
• NEMESIS
  ...as Extraction, (4) Gas Distribution, (5) Refined Oil, (6) Electricity, (7) Water Supply, (8) Ferrous & non Ferrous Metals, (9) Non Metallic Min Products, (1 ...ood, (2) Drink, (3) Tobacco, (4) Clothing and Footwear, (5) Gross Rent and Water, (6) Electricity, (7) Gas, (8) Liquid Fuel, (9) Other Fuels, (10) Furniture
  12 KB (1,678 words) - 10:13, 16 October 2009
• POLES
  * large size Hydroelectricity; Conventional Light Water nuclear Reactor; New Nuclear Design; Pulverised Fuel Super Critical Coal; I
  16 KB (2,305 words) - 12:18, 29 June 2009
• SAFIRE
  ...onsumption is divided into 3 categories: space heating (thermal/electric), water heating (thermal/electric) and electricity. The DSM module further divides ...ific energy consumptions can be defined for electricity, space heating and water heating. Alternatively, for SAFIRELP, the user can define as many sectors a
  11 KB (1,548 words) - 07:45, 25 March 2010
• TREMOVE
  ...reducing emissions from all transport (passenger and freight, road, rail, water, air) in particular and improving air quality in general. It calculates the
  11 KB (1,585 words) - 07:44, 30 June 2009
• GEM-E3
  (1) Food, Beverages and Tobacco, (2) Clothing and Footwear, (3) Housing and Water, (4) Fuels and Power, (5) Housing Furniture and Operation, (7) Medical Care
  13 KB (1,781 words) - 10:56, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impacts on resource efficiency
  ...sted (upstream of the economic activity) nor how they are disposed to air, water and soil (downstream of the economic activity). In order to fully understan
  4 KB (668 words) - 10:55, 16 October 2009
• Estimating disability-adjusted life years
  ...M., Van Koten J.E.M., Slob W. Balancing the Risks and Benefits of Drinking Water Disinfection : Disabiliity Adjusted Life-Years on the Scale. Environ Health ...They would include raising incomes, increasing female education, improving water supply and sanitation conditions, improving workplace safety, and reducing
  40 KB (6,297 words) - 10:31, 2 April 2012
• Opasnet slogans
  .... He just went on walking. Fortunately, the man was able to get out of the water by himself. He sued the three men for not helping him. The judge asked: "Wh
  8 KB (1,354 words) - 06:32, 8 April 2015
• General introduction to dioxins and PCBs
  ...e body is unusual. Because they are fat-soluble and practically not at all water-soluble, they cannot be excreted in urine. Moreover, our body is not able t
  10 KB (1,661 words) - 12:15, 21 August 2009
• Absorption
  ...towards toxicity of any chemical. The absorption of fat-soluble and poorly water-soluble dioxins and PCBs depends on the presence of fats: they are absorbed
  971 bytes (139 words) - 07:39, 1 June 2011
• AH receptor
  ...em more water-soluble usually aided by a second enzyme conjugating it to a water-soluble carrier molecule (see [[Metabolism]]). Activation of CYP1A1 gene in
  2 KB (290 words) - 07:36, 1 June 2011
• Non-emission-related climate change mitigation
  ...so other problems due to high carbon dioxide, such as acidification of sea water.|H. Korhonen, interpreted by --[[User:Jouni|Jouni]] 01:44, 19 July 2009 (EE
  4 KB (514 words) - 22:44, 18 July 2009
• Evaluating impact on public authorities in different times
  ...laid down in the EU legislation is for EU countries to collect urban waste water and have it treated to remove suspended solids, dissolved organic matters, [http://ec.europa.eu European Commission -Water Policy- the Water Framework Directive]<ref name="pub"/>
  3 KB (397 words) - 10:48, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on investment and proper functioning
  ...oly markets for utilities such as telecommunications, electricity, gas and water. The independent national regulators who supervise the now-liberalised mark
  5 KB (768 words) - 10:46, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on air quality
  ...h disposal via rain, air pollutants and their acids accumulate in soil and water and critical loads are exceeded in some areas. Those can then lead to irrev
  7 KB (947 words) - 11:03, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on quality of water
  [[Category:Water]] ...increase the quality or quantity of freshwater and groundwater?<ref name="water">JRC: IA TOOLS. Supporting inpact assessment in the European Commission. [h
  12 KB (1,659 words) - 10:48, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on quality of water in the coast
  [[Category:Water]] Another source of anthropogenic introduced change in coastal and marine water quality is the entry of pharmaceuticals, which has risen drastically. Resid
  7 KB (1,044 words) - 10:49, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on drinking water sources
  [[Category:Water]] Does the option affect drinking water resources?<ref name="rains">JRC: IA TOOLS. Supporting inpact assessment in
  10 KB (1,433 words) - 10:46, 16 October 2009
• Water quality and resources
  [[Category:Water]] ...ies have to be analysed also with regard to potential implications for the water availability in other regions of the globe.<ref name="waq">JRC: IA TOOLS. S
  4 KB (525 words) - 11:01, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on quality of soil
  ...ch of the arid and semi-arid areas most of the salts present in irrigation water are chlorides, sulfates, carbonates, and bicarbonates of calcium, magnesium ...y possibly depositing it a long distance away. Accelerated soil erosion by water or wind may affect both agricultural areas and the natural environment. And
  4 KB (662 words) - 10:48, 16 October 2009
• Soil quality or resources
  ...oil is a storehouse of minerals, organic matter, water and energy. It is a water filter, a transformer of gases and a gene pool for a huge variety of organi Soils have come under increasing pressure, caused especially by erosion by water and wind. Desertification is an important problem in the Mediterranean Memb
  4 KB (583 words) - 11:00, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on the use on renewable resources
  [http://themes.eea.eu.int/Specific_media/water/indicators EEA Water Indicators] *[http://themes.eea.eu.int/Specific_media/water/indicators/WQ01c%2C2004.05 Water exploitation index]
  4 KB (667 words) - 10:50, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on option's affect on renewable resources
  ...1&language=en&product=EU_MAIN_TREE&root=EU_MAIN_TREE&scrollto=270 Eurostat water long-term indicators] ...AIN_TREE&root=EU_MAIN_TREE/tb/t_envir/t_env/t_env_wat/ten00002 Total fresh water abstraction]
  5 KB (693 words) - 10:47, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on landscape areas
  ...th plant root systems, reduce shoreline erosion due to wave action, purify water with aquatic vegetation, improve wildlife and fish habitat by providing foo
  4 KB (582 words) - 10:56, 22 July 2009
• Biodiversity, flora, fauna and landscapes
  ...tation of resources (such as over-fishing), climate change as well as air, water and soil pollution.<ref name="flora">JRC: IA TOOLS. Supporting inpact asses
  4 KB (559 words) - 10:33, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on waste production
  ...scharge of CO2 and Methane, but also of pesticides and chemicals into air, water and soil. Another problem is the increasing land-use for landfilling. The r ...t/t_env/t_env_wat/ten00030 Total sewage sludge production from urban waste water]<ref name="waste"/>
  6 KB (904 words) - 11:04, 16 October 2009
• Waste production / generation / recycling
  ...harging of CO2 and Methane, but also of pesticides and chemicals into air, water and soils remain major problems of waste treatment. Another problem is the
  4 KB (534 words) - 12:07, 22 July 2009
• Evaluating impact on risk of unauthorised or unintentional dissemination
  [http://themes.eea.eu.int/Specific_media/water/indicators EEA Water Indicators] *[http://themes.eea.eu.int/Specific_media/water/indicators/BDIV07d%2C2003.1010 Non-indigenous species in rivers and lakes]
  3 KB (472 words) - 10:49, 16 October 2009
• Evaluating impact on environmentally friendly goods' prices
  ...operator holds a permit containing requirements for the protection of air, water and soil, waste minimisation, accident prevention and, if necessary, site c
  4 KB (619 words) - 06:49, 24 July 2009
• Evaluating impact on health of animals and plants
  The EEA provides a comprehensive overview of numerous indicators on water that are related to the health of animal and plants: [http://themes.eea.eu.int/Specific_media/water/indicators EEA Water Indicators]<ref name="ani"/>
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• Environmental impacts
  *[[Water quality and resources]]
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• Fineli
  ...he average recipes found from the Finnish cookery books. Yield factors for water loss have been taken into account.
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• Bioaccumulation
  ...y water-soluble chemicals seek any lipid-containing material especially in water environment, e.g. plankton. Bioconcentration is strictly speaking a passive
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• Biomagnification
  ..., probably because higher chlorinated congeners (esp. octa-) are so poorly water soluble that their bioavailability is low. Human beings are also at the top
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• Cumulation
  ...e output of water through the small leak to match the rate of the incoming water. Dioxins and PCBs leak out of the body very slowly, and therefore they keep
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• Elimination of chemicals
  ...be excreted practically at all as such. Metabolism tries to make them more water soluble, but especially higher chlorinated [[PCB]]s and [[PCDD]]/Fs with "l
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• Lipophilicity
  ...entrations of the dissolved chemical in octanol (a lipophilic solvent) and water phases in a test tube. The more lipophilic chemical, the more it moves to t
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• Metabolism
  ...olecule (such as a sugar or amino acid) is tied to this handle to increase water-solubility. Often the metabolised products are less toxic, but in occasiona
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• Polychlorinated biphenyl
  stable chemicals, which are mixtures of many congeners. They are very poorly water soluble and lipophilic (see ...be excreted practically at all as such. Metabolism tries to make them more water soluble, but especially higher chlorinated PCBs (see PCB - physicochemical
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• Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin
  poorly water soluble and lipophilic (see ''[[PCDD/F]] – physicochemical
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• PCDD/F
  ...y are almost exclusively in fat because of their lipid solubility and poor water solubility. In some tissues dioxins may also be bound to specific proteins. ...og Pow 6.5 to 8.8) explaining the high tendency to move toward lipids from water. <ref name="mau"/>
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• Polychlorinated biphenyls
  ...Bs in water are bound to the soil and sediments and may be released to the water slowly over a long period of time. Re-suspension of dried particles plays a
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• Finessi
  ...resented for climate-sensitive systems and activities such as agriculture, water resources and natural ecosystems. With this (prototype) version of the FINE
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• Odour
  ...ic tone – important parameters to describe odour annoyance to residents? Water Science and Technology, 50(4): 83-92.
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• Bottled water consumption in Europe
  What is the consumption of bottled water in the European Union? ...Union in 2007 was published online by the ''European Federation of Bottled Water'':<ref>[http://www.efbw.eu/images/file/graph%20-%20EU%20and%20individual%20
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• ERF of heavy metals on selected endpoints
  |Water |Water
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• Life cycle analysis of bottled water
  ...ldwatch.org/brain/media/pdf/pubs/mag/EP172C.pdf World Watch LCA of bottled water] ...esdirectory.org/mn/031604_great_lakes.htm Article on life cycle of bottled water]
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• Environmental health impact assessment of bottled water consumption in Europe
  [[heande:Environmental health impact assessment of bottled water consumption in Europe]] ...effects of energy production required to support current levels of bottled water consumption in Europe, and how might this be affected by different consumpt
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• Biostatistics group at Imperial College
  ...to investigate the effects of chlorination by products and other drinking water contaminants on the outcome of pregnancies or with the aim of creating a ge
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• DA: Recommend restrictions to farmed salmon use?
  salmon from different water sources. Yet organic contaminants from water to fish is
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• Developing the Global programme for environmental health and risk analysis
  ...html Master of Science Program "Air Quality Control, Solid Waste and Waste Water Process Engineering"])
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• Climate change policy assessment
  [[Category:Drinking water]] | [[WP3.4 Water|Intarese WP3.4 Drinking water]]
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• European Environment and Health Observatory
  * Water quality
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• FrankfurtReport
  ** New way of using the area may lead to impacts on groundwater and soil water
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• HEIMTSA
  #Human exposures (e.g. outdoor and indoor air pollution, water, noise, odour, metals, dioxins) by multiple routes are estimated, using new
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• Microrisk
  ...contract number is EVK1-CT-2002-00123. It is part of a cluster of drinking water projects. We are solely responsible for the content of this website. It doe decision making process for risk management of drinking water. The drinking water production chain
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• Help:Practical guide on stakeholder involvement
  Mostert, Erik (2003) - The challenge of public participation. - in Water Policy 5(2) pp.179-197
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• Risk assessment on airports - Kuopio workshop case study
  *water/soil pollution
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• Help:Copyright issues
  |Common and routinely used building blocks in risk assessments: octanol-water partition coefficients or population age structures
  7 KB (1,152 words) - 12:09, 6 April 2011
• Emission factors and models
  ...oncentrations of pollutants in environmental or carrier media such as air, water, food, soil and dust.
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• Monetization of impacts
  ...age (purchase of a safety equipment, e.g. airbags in cars, installation of water filtering systems)
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• Disability-adjusted life year
  ...M., Van Koten J.E.M., Slob W. Balancing the Risks and Benefits of Drinking Water Disinfection : Disabiliity Adjusted Life-Years on the Scale. Environ Health
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• Integrating uncertainty to integrated assessment
  ...cesses that influence the way it is dispersed. For example, particle bound water may in a region can affect how much particle-bound water is present and this can act as a conveyor of
  68 KB (10,331 words) - 10:53, 20 November 2009
• Housing data sources
  ...pollution, asthma and allergies, health risk analysis, chemicals, drinking water, mouldy buildings
  18 KB (2,554 words) - 06:43, 13 July 2010
• Housing appendix A
  ...jula K, Hintikka E-L, Salkinoja-Salonen MS: Bacteria, molds, and toxins in water-damaged building materials. Applied & Environmental Microbiology 63:387-393 ...tionship between measured moisture conditions and fungal concentrations in water-damaged building materials. Indoor Air 11:111-120, 2000
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• Environmental economics
  ...benefits of alternative environmental policies to deal with air pollution, water quality, toxic substances, solid waste, and global warming.<ref>"[http://ww
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• Cecilia
  ...the region. The project contains studies of hydrology, water quality, and water management (focusing at medium-sized river catchments and the Black Sea coa
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• YMAL
  ...tal epidemiology, environmental microbiology, environmental chemistry, and water.
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• Toxic equivalency factor
  municipal incinerators, waste water effluents, etc. As such, the
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• Average daily tap water consumption in Finland
  Daily total tap water consumption for Finland during 2002. ...age and area. <ref>Finravinto 2002. Mean daily consumption (g) of drinking water by sex, age and area. Available on internet http://www.ktl.fi/portal/suomi/
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• Floor area in Bioher
  ...m²) is used in heating consumption calculations (Heating of tap water in buildings).
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• Decision analysis and risk management - background information
  ...This interdisciplinary field of study includes topics ranging from air and water quality, environmental genetics, physiology, risk assessment, occupational *WATER POLLUTION
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• Building policies in Europe
  ...ated land in the city; Reduced pesticide use in the city; Improved natural water quality; Increase in green purchasing; Improvements to existing green space
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• Beneris deliverables
  | [[Hiwate]] || EC || Benefit-risk assessment of drinking water chlorination and microbes || Project workspace, benefit-risk assessments.
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• Dependencies of climate change
  ...tion of the land areas, distribution of biota on the land areas and in the water areas.
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• Toxic equivalency factor references
  ...rman, AR. (1986) Update and depuration studies of PCDDs and PCDFs in fresh water fish. Chemosphere 15:2023-2026.
  64 KB (8,348 words) - 07:45, 29 January 2011
• TEF concept in environmental health assessment
  ...r octanol coefficient, photolysis rate, binding affinity to organic mater, water solubility, etc. Consequently, both the absolute concentration of a mixture
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• ExpoFacts
  ...fants and adults, children's hand-to-mouth behavioral data, consumption of water, breast milk consumption, home grown food consumption, body length and body *Type of water used for drinking, Baltic
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• Arsenic to zoonoses/Contents
  *[[Does water chlorination cause cancer?]] *[[Arsenic in the drinking water – reminiscent of the movie “Lavender and old lace”?]]
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• Exposure concentration database
  ...trations have been measured (home indoor/outdoor, personal, work, drinking water, indoor dust, human, soil, beverage, food, in-vehicle, school)
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• Is expert jargon just a way to confuse the man in the street?
  ...by health authorities e.g. when regulating levels of chemicals in drinking water.
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• What is a “chemical” after all?
  ...he time also carbonic acid. Therefore they are less than 99.9 percent pure water. Sugar is 99.9 percent pure sucrose, it is a purer chemical than many labor ...ize sugars by using two substrates, carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water. Green chlorophyll of plants utilizes the energy of sunlight for photosynth
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• Is it more dangerous for us than for our ancestors?
  ...s from cattle or milk, and diarrhoea caused by campylobacteria in drinking water contaminated with animal faeces. Psittacosis of birds can also easily infec ...ntieth century. It has also prevented many other infections transmitted by water.
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• Are the risks of the domestic and the workplace environments different?
  ...he state of natural and man-made environment, chemicals, food and drinking water, and the possible risks involved with using them. The difference between th
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• What is safe to drink?
  ...o campaign against infant formulas, especially those requiring addition of water to make the final product. There are many other reasons to recommend breast ...ontaminating microbes. This is exactly the same logic that we have seen in water disinfection with chlorine. Chlorine may produce compounds with adverse hea
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• Does water chlorination cause cancer?
  ...ona filtered their water through sand filters while Hamburg used untreated water. The cholera epidemic affected almost exclusively the inhabitants of Hambur ...t subsequently they were found to increase due to chlorination of drinking water. Since then, chlorination side products have been investigated all over the
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• Are blue-green algae a risk to your life or at least to your liver?
  ...are a typical consequence of eutrofication. Cyanobacteria normally grow in water in low numbers. Some species thrive if the nitrate concentrations are high, ...r the further expansions of blooms. When it is windy, turbulence mixes the water and these microorganisms become less detectable.
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• Does aluminium cause dementia?
  ...red to suggest that there was an association between aluminium in drinking water and dementia. ...in some areas (over 1 mg/l). In areas with certain types of bedrock, well water may contain high concentrations of aluminium, and deep tube wells usually h
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• Arsenic in the drinking water – reminiscent of the movie “Lavender and old lace”?
  ...as the most critical adverse outcome. Very high concentrations in drinking water have also evoked a variety of vascular diseases even leading to gangrene of ...erefore individual analyses are needed to ensure that arsenic contaminated water should be avoided if at all possible.
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• Are we starting to glow from the uranium in our environment?
  Uranium in drinking water is a relatively recent concern, and Finland and Canada have been active in '''''Uranium in drinking water was revealed as a problem only recently when it was realized that its chemi
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• Fluoride – friend or foe?
  ...to prevent dental caries which was very prevalent in the region since the water naturally had a very low fluoride content. But a vocal local opposition mov ...rt in decreasing the risk of heart attack. The beneficial concentration in water is about 1 mg/l. It is most effective in children before permanent teeth er
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• What happens if the human race presses the self-destruct button?
  ...ess fossils, a group of very weird animals that had been living in shallow water and which had been covered by a mud slide about 530 million years ago and e
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• Should risk assessment be more transparent?
  ...of ethylene glycol in the 1930s as a solvent for sulphanilamide, a poorly water-soluble antibacterial drug or the introduction of thalidomide in 1959. Ethy
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• Before we go on holiday which environmental health precautions should we take?
  ====Drinking water==== ...water is highest in small towns and villages, especially after heavy rain. Water is safe after it has been boiled for 5 minutes and then it can be stored in
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• Are inhabitants of different countries exposed to different risks?
  ...ernutrition, unsafe sex, blood pressure, tobacco, alcohol, unsafe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, cholesterol, indoor smoke from solid fuels, iron d ...he developing countries, not the developed industrial countries. Of these, water/hygiene and indoor smoke were also among the top ten universal health risks
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• We are surrounded by risks but which of them should we take seriously?
  ...tants (e.g. benzene), radon, indoor air quality, contamination of drinking water, occupational exposure to chemicals, occupational exposure to pesticides an ...ion highlighted five important environmental health risks: unsafe drinking water and poor hygiene, air pollution, indoor smoke from solid fuels, lead exposu
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• Why are experts usually so sceptical?
  ...would be alternative source of obtaining drinking water? If it is surface water, what about disinfection side products? Likewise, if the production of chlo
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• The dirty dozen – not just an old movie?
  ====From water to fat==== ...In nature, fat is found mostly in living organisms, therefore a high lipid-water partition means in practice bioconcentration into living organisms.
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• WISE - My River Basin District
  ...utrients and organic pollution indicators for 2005. You can select bathing water sites and see their historical record of compliance with the European Quali http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/water/wise-viewer/wise-viewer-flash?mapid=myRBD&apptype=simple
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• Waterbase
  ...ty. The added value of Waterbase is that data collected through the Eionet-Water process are from statistically stratified monitoring stations and groundwat http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data#c5=all&b_start=0&c9=waterbase&c11=water
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• Surface water models
  surface water, modeling, assessment, fish, fate, aquatic environment, environmental effec [[Category:Water]]
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• Australia's national database of pollutant emissions
  emissions, air, water, land, sources, PAHs, VOCs, particles, PM10, NOx, nitrogen oxides, SO2, sul [[Category:Water]]
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• QSAR for skin permeation
  ...ally apolar substances. The permeation coefficient and the stratum corneum/water partition values together are indispensable for the estimation of the lag t
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• CalTOX
  ...m continuous releases to multiple environmental media, i.e. air, soil, and water. It has also been used for waste classification and for setting soil clean- ...m continuous releases to multiple environmental media, i.e. air, soil, and water. The modeling components of CalTOX include a multimedia transport and trans
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• Pesticide Fate Database
  ...registered pesticides and endpoint information such as half lives and soil-water partitioning coefficients. Additional pesticide active ingredients and degr ...sport studies. These studies describe what happens to a pesticide in soil, water, and air after it has been applied (how it degrades and where it goes) and
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• PELCOM
  Land cover, corine, ecosystem, built environment, urban areas, water
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• ChemBioFinder
  ...and boiling points, density, refractive index, vapor density and pressure, water solubility and flash point for several compounds. A free registration neede
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• Chemical and Physical Properties Database
  ...enry's law constants, partition coefficients, diffusion coefficients, air, water
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• Multimedia models
  Contaminants may travel through the atmosphere, soil, surface water, and the organisms that inhabit these media. The multimedia approach to exp soil, water, air, atmosphere, modeling, fate, transfer
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• Chemical-Specific Factors
  ...coefficients, henry's law constants, pahs, pcbs, pesticides, dioxins, air, water, soil, bioaccumulation, plant, dermal, absorption
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• Mass Distribution in Multiphase Systems
  ...This EPA's on-line calculatior calculates the partitioning between between water, air, fuel and solids in the subsurface. partition coefficients, mass distributions, water, air, fuel, solids
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• IRIS
  ...ris/quickview.cfm?substance_nmbr=0442#quaoral Oral Slope Factors/Drinking Water Unit Risks
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• Internet Geographical Exposure Modeling System (IGEMS)
  ...includes models and data for ambient air, surface water, soil, and ground water, and makes the models much easier to use than their stand-alone counterpart environmental fate and transport, exposure, modeling, air, water, soil
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• INCHEM
  degradation, partition coefficients, half life, absorption, bioaccumulation, water, air, soil
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• CORINE Land Cover 2000 (CLC2000)
  ...e artificial surfaces, agriculture, forest and natural areas, wetlands and water bodies. The CORINE data are provided both as vector data sets, in their ori ...e artificial surfaces, agriculture, forest and natural areas, wetlands and water bodies (Table 1). The CORINE data are provided both as vector data sets, in
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• Dermal Exposure Assessment: Principles and Applications
  ...ow to apply these principles to actual dermal exposure scenarios including water, air and soil exposures. For all three media, experimental values of dermal dermal, exposure assessments, water, air, soil
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• Diffusion Coefficient Estimation
  ...ue may be useful. EPA's two versions of on-line calculator for estimating water and air phase diffusion coefficients are availab. The first contains preset diffusion coefficients, water, air
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• HEDS
  ...ir they breathed; in foods and beverages they consumed, including drinking water; in the soil and dust around their homes; and in their blood and urine. Par ...dieldrin, heptachlor, malathion, water, drinking water, tap water, bottled water, bathing, showering, nickel, barium, manganese, selenium, vanadium, copper,
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• Where do the dioxins come from?
  ...rn it into a park. There is a drainage system in the bottom, and the drain water is continuously monitored for dioxin levels. ...henol preparations contained many dioxin-like compounds as impurities. The water soluble chlorophenols have by and large been dissolved by rain waters, and
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• Are the PCB compounds really super-poisons?
  ...n – not just an old movie?]]"</ref> They are fat soluble and very poorly water soluble. Therefore in nature they are attracted towards living organisms, e
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• What are the hormonal disrupters?
  ...s is an incredibly huge amount. These insecticides are rather insoluble in water and therefore the chemicals stay stuck onto the surface of the foliage unti
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• Ground water models
  Groundwater models quantify the movement of subsurface water and provide inputs to subsurface contaminant transport models. Simulation p ground water, modeling, assessment, pesticides, nitrogen, fate, volatilization, hydrolog
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• Global land cover 2000 - Europe (GLC2000)
  | Tree Cover, regularly flooded, fresh water | Tree Cover, regularly flooded, saline water
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• EnviChem
  chemical properties, physical properties, toxicology, half life, air, water, soil, degradation, persistence, bioaccumulation, henry's law constants
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• Environmental Health Criteria 214: Human Exposure Assessment
  ...biological measurements found in the more familiar specialties of air and water pollution and food and soil sciences. Therefore, throughout this document r chemicals, exposure assessment, air, water, food, soil
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• GEMSTAT
  ...over 100 parameters. Monitoring results are collated and submitted to GEMS/Water by National Focus Points (NFPs), themselves appointed and financed by membe ...e global community with data and information on the state of global inland water quality.
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• Food chain models
  modeling, water, soil, transfer, fate
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• Estimated Henry's Law Constant
  ...Waste and Emergency Response and the other published in the journal Ground Water and written by John Washington in 1996.
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• European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR)
  ...and land as well as off-site transfers of waste and of pollutants in waste water from a list of 91 key pollutants including heavy metals, pesticides, greenh emissions, air, water, metals, pcbs, dioxins, pahs, particles
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• Eurostat
  ...nd wooded land, built-up and related land, wet open lands, dry open lands, water and total area) measured in km2, divided to 40 classes with 1km grid) and f ...nd wooded land, built-up and related land, wet open lands, dry open lands, water and total area) measured in km2.
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• Exposure Factors Handbook
  ...tions at home. Ingestion data is divided to the following groups: Drinking water intake, soil ingestion, intake of fruits and vegetables, intake of fish and - Frequency of swimming in a fresh water swimming pool and the amount of time spent swimming during a 1month period
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• Exposure and Fate Assessment Screening Tool (E-FAST)
  ...ures from chemical discharges to air (stack or fugitive releases), surface water, or land. E-FAST V2.0 can also be used to estimate potential inhalation and intake, dermal, inhalation, ingestion, exposure, fate, modeling, dose, air, water, soil, consumer products, fish
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• What is really dangerous in our diet?
  ...ven for single-cell organisms. This is because many substances in soil and water are detrimental to life. Arsenic and mercury, for instance, disturb the fun ...ic metabolites to use them as an energy source, or at least rendering them water soluble so that they can be excreted out of the organism. These same enzyme
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• Why not re-freeze thawed out frozen food?
  ...ty water has to be used to make ice cubes. If there is bacterial growth in water kept in room temperature before freezing, these bacteria will also be found
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• Is mercury a quicksilver bullet or a slow poison?
  ...n, and thus methyl mercury levels can vary extensively in even quite close water sources – depending on how well they are oxygenated. High concentrations ...isms, because metallic mercury is not reactive, and inorganic salts are so water-soluble that they are unable to not pass easily through lipid (fatty) membr
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• Are heavy metals still a problem today?
  ...metimes called a metalloid.<ref>See the chapter "[[Arsenic in the drinking water – reminiscent of the movie “Lavender and old lace”?]]"</ref> ...decorations have been found at a variety of sites in the Middle East. Lead water pipes were already used in Mesopotamia around 3000 B.C. Greenland ice core
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• The whole field was brown-coloured; should you even go near it let alone eat anything growing there?
  ...ing the energy of light to synthesize hydrocarbons from carbon dioxide and water. The key molecule capturing the energy of light is chlorophyll, the green c ...here is intensive agriculture, some glyphosate has been detected in ground water, whereas in the Nordic countries it seems as if this is unlikely to be a pr
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• NHEXAS
  | NHEXAS study. Concentrations (µg/l) of chloroform in drinking water from the Great lakes region
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• Isn’t it safe to eat everything that grows naturally?
  ...d by thorough drying plus boiling or parboiling/blanching twice in lots of water.
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• Is impregnated wood safe in my garden or children’s playground?
  ...en tar. However, most pressure-impregnated poles or board are treated with water soluble salts of chromium, copper and arsenic. There are also a number of s ...tylation of the hydroxyl groups on cellulose makes it less prone to absorb water and therefore more durable. This treatment leaves no foreign chemicals in t
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• Can you catch toxoplasmosis from cat litter?
  ...before they become infectious, and the box should be washed with very hot water. During these operations and while working in the garden, proper gloves sho
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• What are children’s waterproof clothes made of?
  ...kinds of materials have made life simpler, but what is it that makes them water repellent? Most often it is a polymer, i.e. some kind of plastic material, ...eir use as surfactants, in simple terms this means that they mix with both water and fats – in that respect they are similar to soaps. PFOA is also an imp
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• Are people too clean for their own good?
  ...1800s. The quality of the living environment and the standards of drinking water and food improved; only then did towns become hygienic and safer.
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• Are cosmetics chemicals?
  ...small infants, especially premature babies, when they were bathed in soapy water with this compound to avoid infections. Hexachlorophene evoked serious stru ...h sewage treatment plants. Several synthetic musks have been identified in water birds, fish and marine mammals. Some of them are lipophilic and resemble pe
  7 KB (1,053 words) - 09:29, 9 July 2010
• Should we have antibiotic chemicals present in everyday domestic items?
  ...bstances are sometimes used.</ref> with lysol (mixture of cresols in soapy water) which gave them their very typical smell. The purpose was to decrease the ...clean environment can be best achieved by normal hygiene, mostly by using water and soap or ordinary detergents. It is much more important to wash the chop
  7 KB (1,032 words) - 09:31, 9 July 2010
• How safe are detergents?
  ...ater softening agents which make water softer by exchanging calcium in the water for sodium. Zeolites are synthetic aluminium silicates somewhat resembling ...in less populated countries where there is no need to restrict the use of water.
  6 KB (906 words) - 09:34, 9 July 2010
• What’s wrong with the air in our cities?
  ...sts sea salt that is formed along the coasts due to the evaporation of sea water spray. ...veloped countries. Even in developing countries, air quality competes with water quality and food hygiene as a major life-threatening factor. Its impacts on
  9 KB (1,450 words) - 09:53, 9 July 2010
• Ozone – I thought it was the hole in the ozone layer that we need to worry about?
  ...in the lung. In that way it differs from sulphur dioxide, which is a more water-soluble molecule which irritates the nose, throat and mucous membranes of t
  6 KB (899 words) - 10:10, 9 July 2010
• Climate change – will it affect our health?
  The most important greenhouse gases are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide (laughing gas), chlorofluoro ...e effects of clouds are somewhat difficult to predict, because on one hand water vapour is a greenhouse gas, but on the other hand clouds will reflect off p
  9 KB (1,450 words) - 10:33, 9 July 2010
• Is formaldehyde another type of formalin?
  ...aldehyde is a very irritant gas just like many of the other aldehydes. Its water solution is known as formalin. As long as cadavers were widely used for tea Other indoor sources may be water-based paints, formaldehyde releasing textiles, cleaning agents, disinfectan
  4 KB (568 words) - 10:45, 9 July 2010
• What happens when a building suffers moisture damage?
  ...accumulate in the building because of leaks, through capillary movement of water from the soil, or condensation. Condensation is often due to poor ventilati
  6 KB (970 words) - 11:12, 9 July 2010
• Legionnaires’ disease – why should I worry, I’m not in the Foreign Legion?
  ...ge basins where waste water is being treated. Aerosols, small droplets of water containing bacteria, dispersed in air are a special risk. ...high enough temperature also in the piping system. On the other hand, cold water should be as cold as possible to discourage ''Legionella'' growth.
  4 KB (596 words) - 11:16, 9 July 2010
• Why is it worth investing in environmental protection?
  ...reducing sulphur dioxide emissions, removal of lead from petrol, and waste water treatment. One may ask how enormous costs society would be paying today, if ...ies, contamination of ground water forcing communities to change their raw water supplies, which can be very expensive. They may also cause harm to the natu
  8 KB (1,245 words) - 11:56, 9 July 2010
• Down the drain – is it a case of out of sight, out of mind?
  .../her restricted view of the world. Waste water is very good example. Waste water, once it has disappeared down the drain, does not exist any more to most pe ...many different types of compounds present in wastewaters. The drains bring water into wastewater treatment plants with hormones, drugs, detergents, other cl
  6 KB (891 words) - 12:12, 9 July 2010
• Is clean energy from biomass a myth?
  ...reater use of solar energy especially for low-energy purposes such as warm water production is to be encouraged, for example in the Mediterranean countries,
  6 KB (926 words) - 12:19, 9 July 2010
• Which type of energy production is friendliest to human health?
  ...raphite which is a combustible material. Therefore, in nuclear plants with water cooling systems, a Chernobyl-like fire spreading the radioactivity widely s
  9 KB (1,475 words) - 12:22, 9 July 2010
• What was the impact of the Chernobyl disaster in Europe?
  ...ry to maintain the chain reaction of nuclear fission. In western reactors, water is used for this purpose, and it cannot catch fire, of course.
  8 KB (1,275 words) - 12:26, 9 July 2010
• Is it safe to live close to polluted land?
  The most likely routes of exposure are ground water, and direct handling of contaminated soil, leading to exposure through unwa ...toxic concentrations. Therefore it is very important that the use of waste water sludge is carefully monitored, if it is to be used for fertilization of fie
  9 KB (1,397 words) - 12:28, 9 July 2010
• Which environmental factors increase my blood pressure?
  ...n these scooters obviously have no idea how far noise can travel along the water surface; one of these vehicles can totally destroy the peace of the whole l
  7 KB (1,209 words) - 12:38, 9 July 2010
• What are the most common misconceptions about risks held by the man in the street?
  ...isk is usually set at one cancer per one hundred thousand people consuming water at maximum amounts for their whole lifetime. The U.S. Environmental Protect
  8 KB (1,359 words) - 12:55, 9 July 2010
• Why do different people rate different risks so differently?
  ...le politicians tend to be in the forefront in opposition to nuclear power, water fluoridation, GM foods etc. Women only embrace a novel technology when it b
  9 KB (1,409 words) - 13:04, 9 July 2010
• What do we mean by the term “life cycle analysis”?
  ...the refinery, transportation to service stations, contamination of ground water from the tanks of service stations, to the health effects of petrol itself
  4 KB (723 words) - 13:22, 9 July 2010
• Are most cancers caused by exposures to chemicals?
  ...s at the population level might be some factors present in drinking water. Water disinfection by-products may cause a few cancers as might arsenic in some r
  7 KB (1,112 words) - 13:37, 9 July 2010
• Why are animal experiments still needed?
  ...ncer during their two-year lifetime even when they are only given food and water. In the experimental group typically 15-20 animals will grow a cancer, if t
  11 KB (1,791 words) - 14:19, 9 July 2010
• Urban heat island
  ...rgy use, reduced albedo, reduced wind speed between buildings, and reduced water evaporation by plants within cities.
  2 KB (208 words) - 19:00, 10 August 2010
• Is man defiled by what goes to his mouth?
  * [[Does water chlorination cause cancer?]] * [[Arsenic in the drinking water – reminiscent of the movie “Lavender and old lace”?]]
  2 KB (248 words) - 10:41, 6 July 2010
• Urban heat island effect in Europe
  * Water evaporation by vegetation in cities ** Increased free water
  2 KB (236 words) - 10:06, 11 April 2011
• Health effects of indoor air in Europe
  * Water systems, dampness and mould * Water systems, moisture management
  22 KB (2,125 words) - 12:50, 11 August 2010
• Consumer behaviour
  ...tants, veterinary hygiene biocidal products and disinfectants for drinking water, waterbeds, chemical toilets and for rubbish bins. For products in these c
  5 KB (694 words) - 10:36, 15 June 2012
• Urgenche
  ...larly in context of a warming climate where issues such as heat stress and water availability will become more prevalent.
  10 KB (1,469 words) - 16:14, 13 February 2013
• EFSA: Guidance on human health risk-benefit assessment of foods
  ...ntervention, such as folic acid fortification, or fluoridation of drinking water. pH, salinity, water activity).
  93 KB (14,186 words) - 10:12, 15 June 2012
• Insulate
  ...as indoor environmental quality, microbes, asthma and allergies, drinking water, chemicals, and air pollution.
  10 KB (1,288 words) - 09:10, 14 May 2015
• Envie
  ...s and hidden and visible mould growth, and keeping domestic hot water [tap water] temperatures above 55ºC;
  10 KB (1,384 words) - 08:47, 2 November 2010
• Radon
  ...lly treated and poses no risk to the user. However it is advisable to have water from private bore holes in radon affected areas tested, and if necessary tr
  11 KB (1,646 words) - 07:33, 7 June 2011
• Opasnet WSA contest preparation
  ...Technology || [http://peerwater.org/ Peer Water Exchange] || India || Peer Water Exchange
  19 KB (2,628 words) - 08:15, 1 June 2011
• YMTO
  *Drinking Water ==Drinking Water==
  16 KB (2,162 words) - 07:48, 17 February 2011
• Valamo conference 2007
  *Risk-benefit analysis for drinking water disinfection, Päivi Meriläinen, National Public Health Institute (Finland ...dionuclides from global nuclear fallout and Chernobyl accident in food and water in Finland - views on the long-term exposure assessment, Dr. Aino Rantavaar
  15 KB (2,138 words) - 12:03, 9 February 2011
• Amobae in buildings
  ...or microbial analysis to our laboratories. Amoebae are common organisms in water habitats and in soils, and they have been found to carry different bacteria
  2 KB (233 words) - 12:10, 9 February 2011
• Spatial epidemiology
  ...both potentially harmful exposures (i.e. environmental pollutants in air, water and soil) and various positive factors (i.e. proximity to parks, sports fie
  3 KB (439 words) - 14:34, 9 February 2011
• RM analysis oluyemitoyinbo
  ...detected by the scanner. There are very many ways to enter Finland (road, water and air), the number of scanners to be used as well as places to position t
  6 KB (933 words) - 10:24, 24 May 2011
• Fukushima nuclear accident studies
  ...kely to be small and transitional, considering the radiation absorption of water, dilution capacity of the sea and the overwhelming quantity of natural radi ...s lower level long term elevated radiation exposure levels of severe light water reactor accidents, and also to analyse and compare the public health impact
  16 KB (2,505 words) - 10:16, 13 March 2015
• Drinking water QMRA
  ...sure to pathogens. It is used in many fields and routes of exposure: food, water, air, fomites. QMRA allows objective, science based assessment of the healt Drinking water quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) has four stages:
  4 KB (683 words) - 13:50, 14 October 2016
• Energy balance
  ...merDemandTotal[EnergyConsumerDemandTotal$Consumable %in% c("Heating", "Hot water"),] * fuelShares ...erDemandTotal[!EnergyConsumerDemandTotal$Consumable %in% c("Heating", "Hot water"),],
  37 KB (4,992 words) - 06:34, 11 November 2015
• Health effects of benzene in Europe
  ...osure (primarily in workplace settings). Exposure to benzene- contaminated water can cause inhalation and dermal absorption in the general population (e.g.
  8 KB (1,201 words) - 14:11, 19 November 2012
• Health effects of lead in Europe
  .... Exposures to lead originate from various sources including air, drinking water, food stuff as well as surfaces and consumer products. ...lly since the phasing out of leaded gasoline and the replacement of leaded water pipes. For example, Figure 3-3 shows the reduction of internal exposure to
  12 KB (1,822 words) - 14:11, 19 November 2012
• Guidance system of the IEHIAS
  ...o a source of many of the resources that are vital for human life, such as water and food, and thus has major benefits for human healthy and well-being. In ...vironment provides most of the basic resources needed for human life (e.g. water and food), as well as many of the amenities which add to our well-being (e.
  9 KB (1,407 words) - 15:02, 14 October 2014
• Toolkit of the IEHIAS
  ::*Water quality ::*Defining the question: an example from water
  25 KB (3,200 words) - 19:02, 25 September 2014
• Probabilistic scenarios
  ...ir likelihood. In an assessment of the impact of future climate change on water quality and health, for example, we can define temperatures not as a predef
  2 KB (341 words) - 18:40, 14 October 2014
• Formulating scenarios
  | SCENES || Water resources and sectoral use || Population change, economic change, EU polici | GEO-4 || Emissions, land use/biodiversity, water resources, technology, population || Economic/environmental policy || Globa
  13 KB (1,945 words) - 15:02, 14 October 2014
• ExpoPlatform: Web based platform for exposure assessment
  *concentrations of chemicals in different media (air, water, food etc.);
  2 KB (282 words) - 19:02, 25 September 2014
• Benefit-risk assessment of cinnamon
  ...d plasma glucose. This study supports the hypothesis that the inclusion of water soluble compounds of Cinnamomum cassia reduces risk factors associated with ...apsules: only 20% dissolved within 30 minutes in contrast to 97% when only water was used. The effect was attributed to the adsorption of the antibiotic on
  48 KB (6,877 words) - 11:42, 13 March 2015
• Results of Intake Fraction Studies
  ...The total diet studies included the intakes through both food and drinking water. The inhalation rate and the soil ingestion rate were the same as those use ...mption and incidental soil ingestion. Dermal exposure is from contaminated water during bathing and recreation, and contact with soil. More information: Mac
  31 KB (4,535 words) - 10:28, 8 August 2011
• Building stock data in Urgenche
  *water area
  5 KB (729 words) - 11:18, 29 December 2011
• Fishermen study
  || Water transport accidents|| 31|| 8.31|| 5.65–11.79|| 0|| 0.00|| 0.00–24.54
  4 KB (310 words) - 10:54, 10 October 2011
• Unit heat consumption of buildings in Finland
  Hot water use|l/person/d|45| Water heating system heat loss|kWh/m2/month|1.5|
  45 KB (5,899 words) - 10:18, 26 August 2013
• Indoor:Outdoor ratios of pollutants
  ...Homes, Offices and Schools in the Metropolitan Region of Kocaeli, Turkey. Water Air Soil Pollut (2008) 191:113–129.
  2 KB (231 words) - 11:42, 8 November 2011
• Green economy
  disruptive than a world running low on drinking water
  1 KB (220 words) - 14:37, 16 November 2011
• Valuations of health impacts caused by PFS
  | Water diarrhea, severe sore throat, severe anemia
  3 KB (483 words) - 11:10, 26 August 2013
• Electricity production in Finland
  ...onal condensing power: electric energy produced by cooling down steam with water without using the heat energy of the steam.
  7 KB (624 words) - 14:15, 8 December 2011
• Burden of disease in Finland
  Bladder cancer|People using chlorinated surface water||1779 Bladder cancer|People using water from bore wells||1779
  2 KB (275 words) - 07:20, 18 June 2015
• Climate change policies in Kuopio
  |The consumption of energy (electricity, water, heat) are systematically monitored using the newest technology and this in |Water services are secured also during extreme conditions.
  15 KB (2,219 words) - 20:50, 5 March 2014
• Climate change policies in Basel
  | 50% of the energy requirements for hot water must come from renewable sources in case of new buildings or renovations of **50% of the energy requirements for hot water must come from renewable sources in case of new buildings or renovations of
  32 KB (4,045 words) - 16:52, 11 January 2016
• Greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio
  ...o specific and clear,for example what does traffic emession represent,air ,water, road or all, besides ,to what extent are agricultural and building emissio
  7 KB (1,017 words) - 07:49, 27 August 2013
• Energy use of buildings
  | Energy need for hot water and other non-temperature-dependent activities * W = heating need of hot water (W)
  25 KB (3,301 words) - 05:21, 8 November 2015
• Land use in Kuopio
  Water area|||
  789 bytes (90 words) - 06:53, 8 April 2015
• Climate change policies in Rotterdam
  ...f cleaner fuels and alternative vehicles will result by road as well as by water. ...: cleaner fuels and alternative vehicles will result by road as well as by water. The City of Rotterdam serves as an example in this respect where its inves
  8 KB (1,253 words) - 08:22, 3 April 2012
• State of the art in benefit–risk analysis: Food microbiology
  Ozonation of drinking water |Quantitative assessment on the risks and benefits of drinking water ozonation. Benefits of reduced exposure to C. parvum weighed against the ri
  48 KB (7,042 words) - 14:59, 20 April 2012
• Openness in participation, assessment, and policy making upon issues of environment and environmental health: a review of literature and recent project results
  24. Väntänen A, Marttunen M: Public involvement in multi-objective water supporting sustainable water resources management. Environmental
  66 KB (9,194 words) - 06:27, 4 March 2015
• State of the art in benefit–risk analysis: Environmental health
  being, environment (e.g. soil, water, air, climate, and vegetation),
  83 KB (12,155 words) - 14:35, 27 February 2015
• Looking beyond borders: Integrating best practices in benefit–risk analysis into the field of Food and Nutrition
  - Also non-health benefits such as use of land, water, energy; emission of greenhouse gasses; biodiversity
  109 KB (16,197 words) - 05:28, 4 March 2015
• Health and Environment in Europe: Progress Assessment
  ...the Region, as are systems for monitoring health risks related to bathing water. ...a sustainable water supply compliant with WHO’s guidelines for drinking-water quality and adequate sanitation for all.
  26 KB (3,919 words) - 11:33, 15 June 2012
• WHO:Clean water - a basic human right
  ...that adequate measures are taken to improve access to safe and affordable water and sanitation for all children<ref name="who">WHO Health and Environment i *Population access to improved water sources, sanitation and wastewater treatment has increased over the past tw
  44 KB (6,335 words) - 09:39, 15 June 2012
• WHO:Clean air for health
  ...ristics and especially the degree of ventilation, all affect the amount of water vapour in indoor air. As is to be expected, poorer population groups are mo *[[WHO:Clean water - a basic human right]]
  61 KB (9,114 words) - 09:40, 15 June 2012
• WHO:Be mobile, active - and safe!
  |Cover water hazards |Remove water hazards
  42 KB (6,142 words) - 08:22, 15 June 2012
• WHO:Eliminating environmental health hazards
  ...mbers of industrial and household chemicals, pesticides and metals in air, water, food and consumer products. Many of these chemicals can be hazardous to he ...heir semi-volatility and persistence, some are transported through air and water to locations where they have never been used, such as the Arctic. At high c
  24 KB (3,583 words) - 09:41, 15 June 2012
• WHO:Implementing the CEHAP for Europe:the role of intersectoral collaboration
  *[[WHO:Clean water - a basic human right]]
  13 KB (1,840 words) - 09:41, 15 June 2012
• State of the art in benefit–risk analysis: Introduction
  water), micronutrients (vitamins, minerals, trace elements) and
  17 KB (2,527 words) - 09:24, 8 May 2012
• Health and Environment in Europe: Progress Assessment - Annexes
  1.1. Drinking-water quality 1.3. Bathing water quality
  24 KB (3,405 words) - 11:32, 15 June 2012
• Einstein quiz
  ** The man who smokes Blend has a neighbor who drinks water. * The man who smokes Blend has a neighbor who drinks water.
  4 KB (660 words) - 17:01, 9 April 2015
• General criteria for land use
  ...rmining land cover, it would seem simple to draw the line between land and water until one considers *Water
  5 KB (754 words) - 09:16, 14 June 2012
• Land use in Urgenche
  *water area ...moment looking for kind of software to detect the green area, building and water will be helpful. Checking map information from different websites like info
  29 KB (3,384 words) - 11:27, 6 June 2013
• Biofuel assessments
  ...ower than in irrigated nutritious soil. In areas where cultivable land and water for irrigation limit cultivation, jatropha may compete of land use with foo ...ocally, but on the other hand can compete for the local resources, such as water and land area, with local food production and other activities.
  11 KB (1,762 words) - 08:28, 24 November 2012
• Land use and boundary in Urgenche
  ...map it is not possible to differentiate green area and building. We weight water and land with the digital balance. The results are as follows. Out of 7 cit | Water area
  7 KB (980 words) - 20:11, 2 October 2012
• Deposition
  ...n''' is a process where compounds in air come down and stay in the soil or water. This page is a method about estimating deposition of different compounds. # deposition: Function for estimating airborne compound deposition to soil or water.
  7 KB (1,108 words) - 09:35, 27 August 2013
• IRIS/Weight-of-Evidence Characterizations
  ...e brain, in studies in two rat strains exposed by various routes (drinking water, gavage, and inhalation) forms the basis for this classification.|0206 ...d incidence of skin cancer were observed in populations consuming drinking water high in inorganic arsenic.|0278
  96 KB (13,886 words) - 11:44, 16 July 2012
• IRIS/Inhalation unit risks
  ...MDL), summed risk.|per µg /m³|1x10^-4|Oral, drinking water| ...dure, extra risk|per µg /m³|1.6x10^-3|Oral, Drinking water|
  46 KB (6,498 words) - 11:49, 16 July 2012
• Life+
  ...iew of developing river basin management plans under Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive); ..., forest fires, forest conditions and the protective functions of forests (water, soil and infrastructure) as well as contributing to the protection of fore
  3 KB (474 words) - 11:24, 20 August 2014
• Handprinter
  * {{attack|# |Other things such as water consumed or CO2 or carcinogens produced per usage?|--[[User:Jouni|Jouni]] ( 'E';Water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities;
  16 KB (2,207 words) - 04:18, 23 January 2016
• Wikisym 2012 Demo
  ==Health effects of Drinking Water Model== ...el which is built for calculating health effects of drinking water and how water treatment processess affect to the outcome.
  29 KB (4,118 words) - 09:28, 27 August 2013
• Ground water pathogen concentrations
  Pathogen concentrations on ground water ...World Health Organization</ref> <ref>WHO (2004). Guidelines for Drinking‐water Quality Third Edition. Volume 1. Geneva, World Health Organization.</ref>
  3 KB (412 words) - 14:11, 27 August 2012
• Alex quiz
  Water Tea Milk Coffee Beer % Drink: Tee(1), Coffee(2), Milk(3), Beer(4), Water(5)
  21 KB (2,456 words) - 15:02, 7 February 2013
• City-level climate policy model
  Action on|Building codes & regs (for each bldg category)|space&water heat sources|||
  17 KB (2,333 words) - 11:14, 26 August 2013
• Intake fractions of PM
  Public utilities (power, heat, water&waste) | Other | 8.9 |
  8 KB (1,095 words) - 10:48, 5 July 2017
• City-level climate policy model/equations
  3|Action on|Urban development|Parks, water, green corridors|Parent|1| 37|Action on|Building codes & regs|Space & water heat sources|Parent|1|
  20 KB (2,778 words) - 10:57, 20 August 2014
• Energy balance in Stuttgart
  2008|WWP renewable energy = WWP electricity|1|Balance Water, Wind, Photovlotaics. In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out 2010|WWP renewable energy = WWP electricity|1|Balance Water, Wind, Photovlotaics. In energy balance, inputs and outputs cancel out
  26 KB (3,336 words) - 05:29, 17 May 2015
• ERFs of environmental pollutants
  Chlorination byproducts|Bladder cancer morbidity||Concentration in ingested water|RR|None|µg /l|0|1.0039 (1.00053-1.00722)| Chlorination byproducts|Bladder cancer morbidity||Concentration in ingested water|RR|None|netrev /l|0|1.000029 (1-1.000072)|
  22 KB (2,806 words) - 07:52, 27 February 2017
• Sustainable and healthy communities
  ...o environmental problems and reduce unintended consequences such as air or water pollution. ...cus on problems that are widespread across communities in the U.S. such as water quality and land-use issues as well as comprehensive approaches to help com
  5 KB (732 words) - 09:15, 6 November 2012
• Evolutionary origin of human traits
  ...ows wading in deeper water with the nostrils above the surface (apes cross water bodies bipedally), and the same posture increases streamlining when swimmin | Drag || In mammals that live partly or entirely entirely in water, fur is often lost because it causes drag when swimming but fails to provid
  58 KB (8,240 words) - 20:20, 13 November 2016
• Damage vector for life-cycle analysis
  ...gories" locations="Human health,Ecosystem quality,Climate change,Resources,Water consumption" unit = "-"> Water withdrawal|0|0|0|0|0
  4 KB (522 words) - 20:37, 29 January 2014
• Normalisation data for life cycle assessments
  US|LCA|Water|L|1000|Guesswork; Originally gallons
  2 KB (195 words) - 05:22, 28 December 2013
• Central product classification
  * Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water ...nd beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and water distribution services
  3 KB (372 words) - 13:09, 13 March 2014
• Exposures in Finland
  Chlorination byproducts|Ingestion|µg /L|-|People using chlorinated surface water||0.44|611 (488.8 - 733.2)|0| Arsenic|Ingestion|µg /L|-|People using water from bore wells||0.19; 0.01; 0.04 |0.998|0.14|
  11 KB (1,448 words) - 07:22, 18 June 2015
• Toms River
  *[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10412669 Identification of drinking water contaminants in the course of a childhood cancer investigation in Toms Rive
  5 KB (630 words) - 11:07, 3 July 2013
• Participatory modelling
  ...odeling, Conflict Resolution, and Institution Building: Sharing Irrigation Water in the Lingmuteychu Watershed, Bhutan] ...612e66756c6c746578745b315d.pdf Bringing Actors Together Around Large-Scale Water Systems: Participatory Modeling and Other Innovations] Michel J.G. van Eete
  9 KB (1,231 words) - 08:45, 27 August 2013
• CONPAT
  [[Category:Drinking water]] ...tial service is the provision of drinking water of groundwater and surface water resources.
  7 KB (1,064 words) - 15:38, 27 January 2014
• Water guide
  [[Category:Water]] '''Water guide''' is a model for calculating health risks of contaminated raw water in a waterworks. There is a [[:op_fi:Vesiopas|Finnish version]] that is mor
  22 KB (3,199 words) - 10:00, 30 October 2014
• Compound intake estimator
  8;Superheated water extraction, 100 °C; 9;Superheated water extraction, 150 °C;
  37 KB (5,045 words) - 11:56, 22 February 2016
• Horizon 2020
  ...pproach that aims to improve health by addressing such factors as housing; water and sanitation systems; transportation; exposure to chemicals and their mix ...ent, climate and health sectors (including but not limited to air quality, water and sanitation, chemicals, occupational factors, etc.).
  24 KB (3,378 words) - 14:04, 29 April 2014
• LCA of a coffee cup
  ...et.org/w/LCA_of_a_coffee_cup||A cup of instant coffee made with water from water heater and drank from a plastic cup. Benefits: tastes good, stimulates. ...age service activities|L||http://en.opasnet.org/w/LCA_of_a_coffee_cup||Tap water
  5 KB (718 words) - 21:08, 1 January 2014
• Paakkila asbestos mine
  ...estos-containing waste stone were not covered. The mine itself filled with water and is now used by divers. ...tos in the environment. Asbestos fibres were analyzed from air, soil, lake water and sediment, and wildlife samples. Asbestos was found ubiquitously in the
  10 KB (1,543 words) - 09:37, 2 January 2014
• Cradle through consumer BEA
  * Water consumption water <- opbase.data("Op_en6286", subset = "Water consumption")
  2 KB (296 words) - 10:33, 14 March 2014
• European soil database
  ...mportant properties of the soil profile - e.g. depth, texture, stoniness, water regime. At a 1:1 million scale, it is not feasible to delineate the STUs, ...system and surface water deposition; vulnerability of ground -and surface- water to pollution by agrochemicals and farm waste; soil erosion potential, etc.
  9 KB (1,378 words) - 19:02, 25 September 2014
• Solar Radiation Database
  ...im. The other atmosphere parameters: Water vapour (WV) or total precipital water is taken from NVAP and corresponds to mean values of 1988-97. *Water vapour [cm] (fix value); if not set, mean values are taken.
  12 KB (1,807 words) - 19:04, 25 September 2014
• Urban Atlas: land cover data
  | 4 || Water || || || || || ||
  3 KB (381 words) - 19:03, 25 September 2014
• Land cover map of the EU
  | 40 || Water courses | 41 || Water bodies
  4 KB (556 words) - 19:03, 25 September 2014
• Alkylphenols
  *APs are ubiquitously present in food and are also detected in water and air samples
  3 KB (364 words) - 19:06, 25 September 2014
• Arsenic
  ...rs naturally in rocks and can be released through erosion, particularly in water, but it can also be released through human activity (e.g. burning of fuels, Some areas in the world have naturally high levels of inorganic As in water
  3 KB (482 words) - 19:06, 25 September 2014
• Bisphenol-A
  *Exposure from water and atmospheric pollution may be relevant
  2 KB (265 words) - 19:06, 25 September 2014
• Disinfection by-products
  ...chloroacetic acid (TCAA) may be used to measure human exposure to drinking water disinfection by-products. *Generally HAAs are mainly taken up through drinking water
  3 KB (390 words) - 19:08, 25 September 2014
• IEHIAS question: example from agriculture
  ...r more widely as a result of long-distance transport of pollutants by air, water and the food distribution system. ...ways, through different environmental and exposure pathways (e.g. via air, water or food). Many different agents might be involved, including pollutants an
  3 KB (455 words) - 19:21, 25 September 2014
• IEHIAS question: example from waste
  ...hanisms, including the emission of many different pollutants into the air, water or soil, through direct contact with the wates during handling, and through
  2 KB (356 words) - 19:21, 25 September 2014
• IEHIAS question: example from water
  ...o assess the health impacts associated with the supply and use of domestic water. ...g. mercury) and PAHs. In addition, disinfection by-products caused by the water treatment (e.g. trihalomethanes) have been a cause for concern.
  3 KB (463 words) - 19:21, 25 September 2014
• Defining IEHIAS stakeholders: example from water
  ...ed out to assess the health effects of exposures to pollutants in domestic water supplies in five European countries (Finland, Hungary, Romania, Spain and t *Water industry
  5 KB (662 words) - 19:21, 25 September 2014
• Engaging IEHIAS stakeholders: example from water
  ...e study was carried out to assess health impacts associated with domestic water supply. Stakeholders were involved in the initial scoping of the water assessment. It was recognised from the start that
  3 KB (438 words) - 19:21, 25 September 2014
• Main crop scenarios in IEHIAS
  ...seline (2004) crop distribution is modified by reducing the proportion of (water consuming) cotton by 40% in 2020 and by 75% in 2050. The land released as a
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• The impacts of the CAP
  ...in cotton cultivation is anticipated. In recognition of this, and expected water scarcity, the BAU therefore foresees that the cultivated area will fall bac ...ion in cotton cultivation is not expected to be so marked, largely because water shortages will be less severe due to the smaller rise in global temperature
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• IEHIAS scenarios: example for UVR and skin cancer
  ...of chlorine-driven ozone loss (IPCC 2005). The oxidation of CH4 increases water vapour and, subsequently, ozone losses in the HOx catalytic cycle in the up
  9 KB (1,292 words) - 19:23, 25 September 2014
• IEHIAS models:example of transport
  ...oblems related to transport identified were air pollution, climate change, water and soil pollution, transport accidents and injuries, traffic noise, physic
  2 KB (344 words) - 20:08, 25 September 2014
• Modelling road transport in Helsinki and Hague
  ...c measurements, carried out by the Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management and the Province of South-Holland,as well as by traffic counts
  6 KB (898 words) - 20:07, 25 September 2014
• Intake fraction: exposure to pesticides in food
  ...see references below). Important routeways include ingestion via food and water, as well as dermal contact while handling pesticides and inhalation of pest
  5 KB (716 words) - 20:19, 25 September 2014
• Intake fractions of cadmium emissions from a large zinc smelter
  ...r industrial sources, the main exposure pathways are via the air, drinking water and food. Direct releases into the environment occur largely through stack ...marised as in Figure 2. As this indicates, the intake pathway via drinking water is considered to be negligible, and is ignored here. Intake fractions are
  34 KB (5,245 words) - 20:19, 25 September 2014
• Integrated assessment of heavy metal releases in Europe
  * Improvement of models for the transport of HM in air, soil and water and their application to simulate the transport of HM in these media; model ...te external costs caused by inhalation as well as by ingestion of drinking water and food itemsats.
  22 KB (3,403 words) - 20:30, 25 September 2014
• IEHIAS tools for scenario construction
  ...for a number of policy issues, including climate change, land use change, water resource management and transport. For the most part, these provide a set ...w.tmleuven.be/methode/tremove/home.htm TREMOVE] - a transport (road, rail, water, air) and emissions simulator for the EU, available with a [http://www.emis
  5 KB (712 words) - 13:54, 13 October 2014
• Chemical mass balance models
  ...nvironmental media, such as soil and sediments, wet and dry deposition and water pollution. CMB models quantify contributions from chemically distinct sour
  6 KB (948 words) - 13:54, 13 October 2014
• CHIMERE
  * Photolytic rates are attenuated using liquid water or relative humidity
  5 KB (817 words) - 13:54, 13 October 2014
• List of hydrological and water quality models
  ...widely used models of flow and water quality in streams, groundwaters and water distribution systems. Listed models are generally simple to medium level o ...xfiltration, subsurface flow, evapotranspiration, and channel routing in a water basin. || Free || [http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/ Lancaster University]
  5 KB (624 words) - 13:54, 13 October 2014
• RISK IAQ model
  * the properties of water. Potential users include those who develop or use IAQ and exposure models,
  7 KB (1,085 words) - 14:13, 13 October 2014
• PANGEA
  ...direct exposure via inhalation and ingestion of food products and drinking water based on releases into the environment. All results can be provided for dif
  4 KB (562 words) - 14:13, 13 October 2014
• IndusChemFate
  ...ht, vapour pressure, solubility, partition coefficients air:water, octanol:water, octanol:air). Michaelis-Menten parameters Vmax and Km have to be specified ...passively by the model using a buit-in cut-off value based on the octanol:water partition coefficient. The other excretion route is via inhalation, based o
  9 KB (1,333 words) - 14:13, 13 October 2014
• PBPK model for cadmium
  ...take dose of cadmium from inhalation of particles, smoking, diet, drinking water, soil and house dust. ** intake dose of cadmium from drinking water
  7 KB (1,141 words) - 14:13, 13 October 2014
• Aguila
  ...utdoor Air, Indoor Air, Water, Soil, Noise, Exposure, Multimedia, Drinking water
  4 KB (581 words) - 14:14, 13 October 2014
• Decision Support Tools metadatabase
  Fields of Model: outdoor air, indoor air, water, soil, exposure, multimedia, traffic etc
  2 KB (340 words) - 14:58, 14 October 2014
• Integrated E & H monitoring programs
  * Health effects and risks related to drinking water pollution (Subsystem II); Water and sanitation
  14 KB (1,834 words) - 15:01, 14 October 2014
• Conceptual framework for integrated monitoring
  ...t includes physical phenomena that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air, water, and climate, as well as energy, food, radiation, electric charge, and magn
  5 KB (766 words) - 15:01, 14 October 2014
• Methods for data integration
  * water availability and quality; ...ing rivers to landscapes, (pp. 456-463). Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Hobart, Tasmania.
  16 KB (2,317 words) - 15:01, 14 October 2014
• Development needs for integrated monitoring
  ...f chemicals that people might be exposed to (e.g. in air, food or drinking water)
  7 KB (1,004 words) - 15:01, 14 October 2014
• Health impacts of regulative policies on use of DBP in consumer products
  ...nmental contaminant, but might also result from the use of DBP in food and water contact materials. Policy measures that have more effect to the production
  11 KB (1,573 words) - 15:01, 14 October 2014
• IEHIAS causal chain
  ...version of the chain may work for environmental contaminants (e.g. air or water pollution), others may be necessary to represent issues such as health impa
  4 KB (630 words) - 18:40, 14 October 2014
• Dealing with complex exposures
  ...for the much wider mix of disinfection by-products that occur in drinking water (see example); distance from source has been widely used as an indicator of ...xposures, as part of an impact assessment (see example of THMs in drinking water).
  9 KB (1,375 words) - 18:44, 14 October 2014
• Information needs in assessment design
  * Releases (e.g. emissions to air, water or soil);
  2 KB (247 words) - 18:44, 14 October 2014
• Contaminant sources in IEHIAS
  ...(E-PRTR) which lists and maps all major emission sources to land, air and water. European (and global) databases are also available for several large comm ...likely to be locally confined (e.g. due to release into soils or confined water bodies), aggregation can greatly distort the apparent distribution of sourc
  17 KB (2,633 words) - 18:54, 14 October 2014
• Contaminant release in IEHIAS
  ...different environmental media (e.g. the atmosphere, surface or subsurface water, soil, biota), and via a range of different mechanisms. How releases occur ...cific sources (e.g. road transport, airports), release pathways (e.g. air, water) or pollutants (e.g. greenhouse gases, mercury). Links to many national an
  15 KB (2,266 words) - 18:54, 14 October 2014
• Spatial interpolation and extrapolation methods
  ...of water quality (e.g. salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen) in surface water bodies based on field measurements at a set of sampling locations.
  10 KB (1,457 words) - 18:49, 14 October 2014
• Rapid modelling
  ...or intensity and basic environmental characteristics (e.g. wind direction, water flow, slope angle). Likewise, exposure or intake of any pollutant depends
  10 KB (1,583 words) - 18:49, 14 October 2014
• Further reading on intake fractions
  ...2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, benzene, carbon tetrachloride || Air, water, sediment, vegation || Inhalation, ingestion || IMPACT North America model | General || 308 organic chemicals || Air, water, food, soil || Inhalation, ingestion || CalTOX multimedia model || Bennett
  16 KB (2,078 words) - 18:54, 14 October 2014
• Example of a common case study
  ...the problems in developing such a model at the European level for drinking water, and to recommend that this particular area of assessment be excluded from ...o climate mitigation and adaptation measures. It was acknowledged that the water sector was not well adapted to the pre-determined methodology developed for
  27 KB (4,059 words) - 18:54, 14 October 2014
• Piloting: Finding and evaluating data
  ...taminants than extrapolations from chemical concentrations in soil, air or water;
  34 KB (5,091 words) - 18:54, 14 October 2014
• Transport and transformation in environmental media
  ...by the rate of movement of the medium in which they occur - by windspeed, water velocity etc. Many chemical processes are also temperature (and often mois ==Water quality==
  31 KB (4,661 words) - 18:54, 14 October 2014
• Deriving and applying monetary values
  ...reduced impact. Averting goods related to pollution include air filters, water purifiers and noise insulation, while averting goods that reduce risks of d
  9 KB (1,358 words) - 19:01, 14 October 2014
• Uncertainty analysis in IEHIAS
  ...Applications extend across a number of different fields from toxicology to water contamination studies. Yokota and Thompson (2004a) argue, however, that th
  28 KB (4,275 words) - 19:01, 14 October 2014
• Multimedia models in IEHIAS
  ...ents. These models usually treat environmental media, such as air, surface water and sediments, as uniformly mixed, steady state sub-systems; transport proc ...n of chemicals through a range of different environmental media (e.g. air, water, soil). They are often applied to toxic substances which may persist in
  5 KB (791 words) - 18:58, 14 October 2014
• Protocol development in assessment design
  * Domestic water supplies {{#l:Domestic water supplies assessment protocol.pdf}}
  3 KB (479 words) - 18:54, 14 October 2014
• Exposure-to-intake modelling in IEHIAS
  ...pathway includes several media, such as plant and animal food substances, water, breast milk, and non-food items (e,g, dust or soil and objects). The last
  10 KB (1,635 words) - 18:58, 14 October 2014
• Internal dose estimation in IEHIAS
  ...o-environmental (especially indoor) concentrations or amounts received via water or food. Information on the physiological and physiochemical characteristi
  13 KB (1,839 words) - 18:59, 14 October 2014
• Estimating exposure-response functions
  ===Drinking water=== ...and Toledano, M.B. 2009 Chlorination disinfection by-products in drinking water and congenital anomalies: review and meta-analyses. Environmental Health Pe
  6 KB (901 words) - 18:58, 14 October 2014
• Decision analysis and risk management 2015/Homework
  * [[Water guide]]
  45 KB (6,500 words) - 14:12, 22 May 2015
• Evaluating effectiveness of open assessments on alternative biofuel sources
  ...etween biofuel production and the global food security, the use of limited water resources, land ownership and the conflicts between land owners and indigen
  62 KB (9,154 words) - 12:33, 27 February 2015
• Assessment of impacts to environment and health in influencing manufacturing and public policy
  ...sers in the society in collaboration, produces openly available models for water quality and risk assessment.
  66 KB (9,609 words) - 15:36, 4 March 2015
• Analysis of fishes response to lead
  ...Fish productivity determinants in a polluted water body </ref> because the water body can not support them.
  2 KB (255 words) - 09:22, 29 April 2015
• ==variables==
  ...mate change. These include Methane, Carbondioxide and Nitrous oxide, Ozone,Water vapour. Plant micro-organisms participate in the production of these gases
  3 KB (419 words) - 11:47, 24 March 2015
• Building stock in Helsinki
  ...Patteriventtiilien vaihto !! New balcony doors !! LTO-laitteen asennus !! Water consumption measurements
  31 KB (3,451 words) - 05:23, 8 November 2015
• Climate change policies (HW4 by Oluwatobi Abayomi Badejo et al)
  ...easing population, the flat topography, extensive coastal areas and a high water table, which in some areas of Lagos Island is less than 0.15 m from the sur
  7 KB (960 words) - 16:59, 11 January 2016
• GOHERR assessment
  * SWAM (Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management) ...rophyll A in the Baltic Sea]] (indicator of phosphorus and nitrogen in the water in different areas and times) {{comment|# |How is this actually used?|--[[U
  7 KB (880 words) - 14:11, 12 August 2015
• Goherr: WP3 Scenarios and management objectives
  * [[:en:Water Framework Directive]]
  6 KB (751 words) - 08:08, 3 April 2017
• Goherr: WP6 Building a decision support model for integrated governance
  * Dioxin input into Baltic Sea: What are the inputs of dioxin into the water ecosystem of the Baltic Sea from the air (deposition), rivers (transport),
  11 KB (1,631 words) - 15:32, 9 November 2015
• Goherr: First International Stakeholder Workshop
  | Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management, Department for Fisheries Management.
  8 KB (1,219 words) - 09:54, 14 March 2016
• Signatiu DARM Assignment4 2015
  ...ps established when needed, for instance for climate adaptation, for storm water management, or for communication with the Helsinki residents.
  8 KB (1,166 words) - 11:21, 29 May 2015
• Helsinki energy decision 2015
  ...ting in Helsinki.png|Energy used in heating, consumer electricity, and hot water in Helsinki in the energy saving total policy. ...heating is not needed above 17 C and cooling is not needed below 24 C. Hot water need is independent of ambient temperature.
  118 KB (15,872 words) - 13:39, 27 January 2016
• Insulate background information
  ...f the building as well as on certain components, such as ventilation, warm water, lightning and indoor temperature. Energy consumption is also calculated us * Energy needed for warming up water
  26 KB (3,737 words) - 09:29, 14 May 2015
• Helsinki energy decision options 2015
  The plant would have a light water reactor (LWR), which would produce heat at a maximum of 4600 MW and the net ...now transferred trough the coolant water -network to the sea. The coolant water in the area is 20-30 C and the heat is transferred at approximately 700 MW.
  30 KB (4,243 words) - 12:17, 5 November 2015
• Helsinki energy production
  ...0|0|Heat from cleaned waste water and district heating network's returning water. Motiva 2014 ...an Water Resources and Energy Directorate: Energy in Norway.<ref>Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate: Energy in Norway, an brief annual present
  25 KB (3,307 words) - 12:52, 9 November 2015
• Helsinki energy consumption
  ...Helsinki.png|thumb|centre|600px|Energy consumed for heating, cooling, hot water, and consumer electricity in Helsinki. Note: the future consumption is base || Heating|| Warm water|| 1.89|| 0|| 1.76|| 1.76
  14 KB (1,844 words) - 11:17, 9 November 2015
• Energy balance sheets for multiple countries
  Public utilities (power, heat, water&waste) | Finland | | | | | | | | | | | 0.00 | Public utilities (power, heat, water&waste) | Germany | | | | | | | | | | | |
  22 KB (1,433 words) - 13:00, 9 June 2015
• Goherr: Relevant literature/Policy documents
  '''Marine and water policy''' ...ri=cellar:5c835afb-2ec6-4577-bdf8-756d3d694eeb.0004.02/DOC_1&format=PDF EU Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC)]
  2 KB (336 words) - 05:41, 11 September 2015
• OpasnetUtils/Translate
  Kuuma vesi||Hot water
  11 KB (1,493 words) - 12:32, 2 December 2015
• Burden of disease
  ...n:Drinking water]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7892 drinking water (Q7892)]), sanitation ([[:en:Sanitation]] wikidata: [https://www.wikidata.o
  18 KB (2,418 words) - 13:37, 8 September 2017
• Goherr: 3.2. Online description of the scenarios developed, applicable in the dioxin model (Task 5.1) and decision support model of WP6 (Month 16). Responsible partner: UOULU.
  ...gers. A Discussion Paper prepared for Baltic Development Forum by the Deep Water think-tank. 17th Baltic Development Forum Summit, Copenhagen, 23 November 2 ...ntanen, P. 2014. Nutrient Abatement Potential and Abatement Costs of Waste Water Treatment Plants in the Baltic Sea Region. Ambio. 43, 3, s. 352-360.
  35 KB (5,091 words) - 12:50, 4 July 2016
• Parsha
  ...microbial and chemical risk. She has produced quantitative risk models for water and published Vesiopas model in Opasnet. She has coordinated several resear
  55 KB (8,021 words) - 13:01, 23 August 2017
• Decision analysis and risk management 2017/Homework
  * [[Water guide]]
  48 KB (6,904 words) - 11:48, 28 August 2017
• rice pudding (Q3): dish made from rice mixed with water or milk
  57 bytes (11 words) - 17:25, 2 December 2017